Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beethoven

For many people, Ludwig Van Beethoven is considered the greatest composer who ever lived and is the highest level of musical geniuses. His compositions are the expression of one of the most powerful musical personalities of all time which he exceeded above average in both areas of Classical and Romantic labeling. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, December 16, 1770, and was baptized on December 17. His father, Johann, was a singer employed by the Elector of Cologne in Bonn. Johann married Maria Magdalena Laym, a cook’s daughter. Together they had seven children of which three sons survived, Beethoven was the oldest (Collier’s Encyclopedia, Beethoven). When Johanns’ career was threatened by alcoholism, he saw his chance to get rich by exploiting his son Beethoven as a child prodigy. He claimed Beethoven was years younger than he actually was, neglected his formal education, and made him practice his music endlessly. His attempt to get rich was a disaster and pro bably encouraged the brusque and withdrawing personality Beethoven developed. Beethoven was a solo pianist and piano teacher when he was in his twenties. He was well known for his temperamental nature. He had to abandon his performing career of deafness. By this time, he was well known as a composer and was able to live by the profits of concerts and sale of his works to publishers. He was the most revered composer in all of Europe and regarded as the greatest living example of Romantic, artistic genius (McLeish, pg. 18-19). Sonate Pathetique, Opus 13 was written in 1798 and named by the composer Ludwig Van Beethoven. This Sonate was extremely romantic because of the charged first movement, while the Adagio Movement is sad, yet comforting. The third movement of the â€Å"Pathetique† was considered Rondo. The key of the Adagio Movement is A Flat, the submediant Key of the opening Grave section. The form is a cross between Rondo and Theme and Variations because the A or Main .. . Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beethoven Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beethoven For many people, Ludwig Van Beethoven is considered the greatest composer who ever lived and is the highest level of musical geniuses. His compositions are the expression of one of the most powerful musical personalities of all time which he exceeded above average in both areas of Classical and Romantic labeling. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, December 16, 1770, and was baptized on December 17. His father, Johann, was a singer employed by the Elector of Cologne in Bonn. Johann married Maria Magdalena Laym, a cook’s daughter. Together they had seven children of which three sons survived, Beethoven was the oldest (Collier’s Encyclopedia, Beethoven). When Johanns’ career was threatened by alcoholism, he saw his chance to get rich by exploiting his son Beethoven as a child prodigy. He claimed Beethoven was years younger than he actually was, neglected his formal education, and made him practice his music endlessly. His attempt to get rich was a disaster and pro bably encouraged the brusque and withdrawing personality Beethoven developed. Beethoven was a solo pianist and piano teacher when he was in his twenties. He was well known for his temperamental nature. He had to abandon his performing career of deafness. By this time, he was well known as a composer and was able to live by the profits of concerts and sale of his works to publishers. He was the most revered composer in all of Europe and regarded as the greatest living example of Romantic, artistic genius (McLeish, pg. 18-19). Sonate Pathetique, Opus 13 was written in 1798 and named by the composer Ludwig Van Beethoven. This Sonate was extremely romantic because of the charged first movement, while the Adagio Movement is sad, yet comforting. The third movement of the â€Å"Pathetique† was considered Rondo. The key of the Adagio Movement is A Flat, the submediant Key of the opening Grave section. The form is a cross between Rondo and Theme and Variations because the A or Main .. .

The Story of The Architecture Student in Denmark [Interview]

The Story of The Architecture Student in Denmark [Interview] September is the Study Month, not only in colleges, but on our blog too. Thats why we will dedicate our posts to the topics of studying, namely the issue of studying abroad. We have already published the interview with Judy Su a graphic design student who studied in Copenhagen. Today, we have the interview with another student - Ellen Wall - who has also made use of study abroad program and went to Denmark to study architecture. Before the interview, Ellen confessed that she loves to tell about her time in Denmark. Thats why she told us a lot of details about people, food, education, surprises and disappointments. As Ellen was also in a DIS ( Danish Institute for Study Abroad ) program we did not ask her questions about application process, and went straight to the questions about studying. What specific classes did you take? There were 4 classes: Interior Architecture Studio, European Storytelling, Danish Language and Culture, and 20th 21st Century Danish Architecture Please, tell more about your Danish language learning. Was it complicated for you? I am so glad I decided to take a Danish class while I was in Denmark. Even though the majority of Danes speak flawless English, being able to understand even a little bit made me feel so much more a part of the culture. I could read signs, I knew what I was looking at in the grocery store, I often caught and understood snippets of conversation at the dinner table. The Danes are just so proud of their country and their culture the language is a big part of that. It ended up being my favorite class at DIS. I learned so much about the Danes just by learning how to interact with them. What interesting assignments or projects on architecture did you get? I have seen many, many non-touristy places and buildings because of the field studies and projects I had with my classes. In my studio, we got the assignment to design a space in a very old building near to the parliament building, Christiansborg. We did small group critiques to talk about our conceptual and initial structural ideas. How was your project work organized? Was there anything specific about studying environment? Something that would apply to future study abroad students is that the Danish school system relies heavily on the benefits of group work. Most projects are done in groups and there is a lot of large or small group discussion and peer critique. I found this to be a great way to learn. There was definitely more of a collaborative feel to all of the classes and I benefited from the sharing of ideas with others. The other side of that is that not everybody learns this way, some individuals might be more successful on their own. Did you get complicated writing assignments? Tell about some of them. At DIS I studied in the Interior Architecture program. That being said, I didnt have too many difficult writing assignments. I did take a class called European Storytelling where I was asked to write a research paper. The prompt was very vague; we were able to write about anything at all that we had discussed in class. It was extremely open ended which I found to be a big challenge. I was also an Official Student Blogger for DIS. This was an ongoing volunteer project that I did for my Danish school. My blog entries were posted on the DIS webpage and I received a lot of traffic from prospective students and other people all over the world. Blogging for DIS is where I discovered my love for writing. Have you ever missed assignment deadlines while studying abroad? What is the college policy regarding missed deadlines there? I did not miss any assignments while abroad that I can recall. The missed assignments policy was left up to the instructors for the courses. Some of my instructors would accept late assignments and others did not. What did you like about Danish educational system in general? In general, what I like about the Danish school system is that school is free for everyone through the university level (and university students receive a monthly stipend from the government). Another positive is that the learning environment is an equal playing field. The instructors are all called by their first names and questions are encouraged. It feels less strict or structured than many of the classroom environments I have been a part of the the States. How would you describe your studying experience in several words? I had a unique experience because my school, DIS is a school specific to study abroad students, but most of the classes are taught by Danish instructors. In addition, I also learned a lot about the Danish school system because I took a Danish language and culture class and I lived with a family who had kids in the school system. How did you manage to balance studying and traveling? The benefit of DIS is that there are specifically designated travel weeks. A semester student at DIS has two separate weeks off from school for personal travel/or break from school in addition to two study tours with the core course class, one lasting a week and one lasting a half a week. This made balancing travel and study much simpler because I found that I had enough time for traveling outside of school. There were many students who liked to go on weekend trips. I didnt really do that. I was much happier spending my weekends at home with my host family and seeing what it is that Denmark has to offer rather than constantly leaving to see all of Europe. I didnt want to leave Denmark only to realize I hadnt seen any of it. I did, in general, have a difficult time balancing school work and everything else that goes with study abroad. I had to decide on my priorities while I was there. For me, the struggle was balancing time with my host family and time spent on school. So, you stayed with a host family. What was it like for an American student to live with Danish family? I was so nervous to meet them. I wondered if they would like me and what it would be like to live in the home of strangers. But I remember that upon meeting them and even in the very moments before I met them, walking down a hallway and seeing them at the end, waiting for me with big smiles, that I relaxed almost instantly. They were unfailingly kind and generous, curious and interested, fun and happy people. I was welcomed into their home and things fell into place quickly. I found it so much easier to learn about Danes and their culture and especially their language than I would had I not lived with a host family. My ten year old host brother and I became the best of buds. I learned so much from him and not a day does by that I dont think of him. Many of my favorite memories were things that happened with my host family and I genuinely cant imagine my study abroad experience without each and every one of them. How would you describe Danish people in general? Danes are very private people. At least in public settings. They dont small talk, they dont smile at passersby on the street, they have whisper-quiet conversations on public transportation (if they even converse at all). Theres no fear of anybody you dont know trying to make unwanted conversation in a public place. How did you feel about such cultural difference? Of course that goes two ways. It makes Danes very difficult to meet; they stick by the people they know. Its unlikely that one might make Danish friends by approaching them in a grocery store, at the bank, or on the train. To many Americans, this demeanor passes for rude because we are so used to an extreme, exaggerated politeness. This isnt to say that Danes dont care, in fact you might say they care more. If someone asks a Dane how are you they give the real answer and dont just say good. Was it a problem for you to meet new people in Copenhagen? The first time someone accidentally bumps into you and doesnt really apologize is off-putting. The first time you sit on a bus and someone is forced to sit next to you because its the only seat left and suddenly moves when an empty pair of seats opens up elsewhere is a little awkward. But the Danes make up for this by being genuinely warm, kind-hearted, curious people when you get to know them. I found that in more private settings, Danes are extremely curious. The dislike of small talk just meant that the Danes I spoke with typically skipped the polite get-to-know-you questions and jumped right into pressing questions about American politics or media or culture. It made for more meaningful conversation. What was your biggest disappointment during semester abroad? My biggest disappointment was only that I couldnt stay longer. I had such a wonderful time, I was very sad to leave. Of course there were day-to-day disappointments. Not everything is a wonderful, fantastic, awesome, cool, Danish, traveling moment. Sometimes I was sick, or sometimes I wasnt able to see or take part in something I was hoping to, or sometimes I missed dinner with my host family (often the best part of my day). But those disappointments are so on par with daily life that Ive mostly forgotten them by now. All I regret is the time I didnt spend with my Danish family, the things in Denmark that I never got to see, and the experiences I wasnt able to have because of a lack of time or because it was the wrong time of the year. Name your top Copenhagen memories. Showing off Denmark to my family. My family my mom, dad, and older sister came to visit me in Denmark towards the end of my semester. As I dragged them around Copenhagen to see all the important sights and buildings and museums, I realized how much I had learned about Denmark and about Danes in just a few months. I learned my way around a new city that was absolutely foreign to me, I learned parts of a new language, I learned history and music. I mastered the transportation system. It was so exciting to share with my family the country that I had fallen in love with both instantly upon arrival and gradually more and more each passing day. Another one is being mistaken for a Dane! The Danes are an exclusive bunch of people. They are very proud to be Danish. They are also model-beautiful. So the first time I was mistaken for a Dane was kind of a rush. It happened several times over the course of my semester. Sometimes it was another Dane asking a question about the train. Sometimes it was a lost tourist asking for directions. But every time, and especially the first time, it was like an acknowledgment that I was fitting in, that I was doing okay, that I wasnt out of place or unwanted. At least, thats what if felt like to me. Which Danish food would you recommend to try? The pastries are divine. What is interesting about the whole pastry situation is that you cant get a Danish. What Americans refer to as a Danish does not exist in Denmark. But pastries, or weinerbrà ¸d in Danish, are a work of culinary art. They are visually appealing and delicious. Laukagehuset (a popular Danish pastry chain) (pronounced lau-kay-hoo-set) is around every corner and tempts the taste buds everywhere you go. The best life lesson learnt in Copenhagen I learned a lot while I studied abroad, but the majority of it was not factual or school-related. It was a period of time in which I did a lot of personal, individual learning about myself and what is important to me. The biggest life lesson I learned is that I should never force myself to do things that dont make me happy. I dont want to say that I learned life is short, but rather that I learned and realized how valuable my time is. Being in Denmark helped me to understand what makes me happy as a human being. It slowly dawned on me that I never wanted to spend one second doing something that I hate because I dont want to regret it when Im 90. In the grand scheme of things, this is not plausible. Of course Ill have to do things that I dont like every once in a while. But while I was in Denmark I was working on discovering what it is that I truly love and now I try to spend more of my time doing those things. What helps students succeed when studying abroad? Please, share some tips To succeed when studying abroad, get involved! Try to integrate into the culture as much as possible. Live with a host family, learn the language, join a club, meet young natives, take classes with an emphasis on the history or culture of the country, participate in cultural traditions with friends or host family members, listen to the countrys music. Really, really try to experience everything the country has to offer. Do things the way the native people do things, even if you feel like your way might be better or faster. Try everything. Learn about everything. Keep an open mind, you never know what you might like. Thanks Ellen! We are sure these great tips will help anyone to get the most of their study abroad experience! If you would like to learn more about Ellen Wall and her Denmark life, you are welcome to ask questions as well as sharing your thoughts in the comments below.

Organzion and behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organzion and behaviour - Essay Example s, the management relies on motivation to acquire the objectives, but adapts to the most appropriate motivational approach, which coheres to the factors prevailing circumstances and the nature of activities performed therein. Therefore, a survey on the most appropriate motivational theory to apply on the three organizations integrates to the mode of conducting business among the organizations and the goals pursued (Griffin, and Gregory 33). The Microsoft international, Dubai municipality, and Rinac India Pvt ltd, are the organizations to consider. The three organizations conduct profitable approaches to enhance the value and development in the endeavor to accrue the set plans. For instance, the Microsoft Company ensures a continuous development of software programs, computers, and other technologically advanced electronic devices with an aim of enhancing communication and making relevant profits, with a desired degree competence than the competitors (French, 34). On the other hand, Dubai Municipal, under the leadership of His Highness Hamdan Bin Maktoum emphasizes on continued projects to ensure positive development. The city is acknowledged as the world’s leading trading center, which further incorporates tourists’ attraction sites. With the desire to uphold the superiority, the authorities fin d it a necessity to ensure that all projects are innovative and aim at development. Thirdly, Rinac India Ltd, a producer of cold rooms and refrigerators based in India, remains vulnerable to competition and other organizational threats (Griffin, and Gregory 35). Therefore the company’s management ensures that all the internal factors of production cohesively perform goal oriented activities. The three organizations focus on success and competence against their competitors in their specific fields of delivering value to society. With the increased need of development and sustainability, the organizations find the necessity to establish a motivational factor. A review

Wi-Fi Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wi-Fi - Research Paper Example It is the name given to a type of network connection that does no need any cords or physical connections to connect. Technically, it represents a type of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) that adheres to the 802.11network standard of the IEEE. The term Wi-Fi is often mistakenly thought of as an acronym for Wireless Fidelity. What is its History? The AT&T Company’s wireless uses spread spectrum radio technology and multi carrier OFDM radio technology. This spread spectrum technology used in Wi-Fi was first introduced in the year 1985 by the US Federal communications Commission. Vic Hayes chaired IEEE for ten consecutive years. He was involved in designing standards 802.11a and 802.11b upon which Wi-Fi works. He is thus named as the â€Å"father of Wi-Fi†. The actual predecessor to Wi – Fi was invented in 1990 by the NCR Corporation/AT&T in the Netherlands. WaveLan was the name given to the first wireless products that were bought into the market. They incorporate d the speeds of 1Mbit/s to 2Mbit/s. Finally, the CSIRO, an Australian research body filed the original patents behind the Wi-Fi technology in the year 1986. How it works? Wi-Fi uses radio waves to transmit the information across a Wireless Local Area Network. It transmits information to and from the internet. Any data transfer from a website is done when the website sends information to the modem. This information is then passed on to a wireless router. This device routes data (converts information to radio waves and beams it) to your computer. This information is then interpreted by the computer with the help of wireless networking specific hardware/software. Exactly the same process occurs but only in the opposite direction when the computer wants to send information over the internet. Very often, a wireless connection operates faster than a wired broadband internet connection. Who invented? An Australian research body CSIRO was the first formal inventors of Wi-Fi in the year 1996 . How safe is it? Majority of the scientists who have assessed the safety of Wi-Fi networks advocate the fact that there is no particular evidence to the Wi – Fi connections being hazardous to health. The technology however is not very old. Thus any health hazards that may be slow would only be evident after a certain number of years. Till then it cannot certainly be judged whether a Wi Fi is safe or not. The radio waves that are used by a wireless device or network are relatively low in frequency. The 2.4GHz of radio waves used in the case of Wi-Fi are the non-ionizing type of radiation. This radiation, also used in microwaves and mobile phone communications etc., is not known to have destructive effects on human cells. There is however, one school of thought among scientists that advocates that such a frequency of radiation is harmful to chromosomes. Also, this school of thought thinks that the radiation does not merely heat up the human atoms but does much more than that. There however is no scientific evidence to prove the above facts. Another school of thought emphasizes that exposure to microwaves and cell phones using low level radiation may scientifically be harmless as yet but the exposures to these waves in the above mentioned devices are relatively for a very short period of time as compared to the exposure to a Wi-Fi router that may be located in your office or home. The spectrum that these low radiation emitting devices cover is very large and is constant. The Wi-Fi routers in the vicinity of a human being are turned on twenty four hours a day and seven days a week throughout the year. Though no scientific evidence may yet be present but Wi-Fi devices are suspected to me more of a risk than any other devices using the same low level frequency of radio waves. The WHO (World

Adlerian Theory Essay Example for Free

Adlerian Theory Essay Introduction and Rationale School counselors work with students in academic development, social and emotional skill development, and college/career development. Their work supports student success through education in these domains, improvement of skills, reduction of stress, and improvement in mental health functioning. As I read the article, School Counseling Outcome: A Meta-Analytic Examination of Interventions, I couldn’t help but realize the importance of continued research on the effectiveness of school counseling interventions. This article focuses on the effectiveness of an array of school counseling interventions and not solely on individual and group counseling. The primary aim of this research was to review various literature pieces that relate to school counseling and identify their outcome and implications to the practice of school counseling. In this study, Meta-analysis 1 involved treatment control comparisons and Meta-analysis 2 involved pretest-posttest differences. The overall average weighted effect size for school counseling interventions was .30. The study examined whether relevant moderator variables influenced effect sizes. See more:  Social Satire in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay The pretest-posttest size was not significant, so moderator analyses were conducted on treatment control comparisons. Analyses of moderator variables indicated school counseling program activities or interventions varied in effectiveness Strengths and Weaknesses A meta-analysis of school counseling outcome research found an overall effect size of .30. Students who participated in the interventions improved almost a third of the standard deviation more than their peers who did not receive the interventions. In other words, school counseling interventions have a larger effect size than aspirin for preventing heart attacks (ES of .06) and an equivalent effect size to sertoline (Zoloft) compared to placebo, for  treating major depressive disorder (ES of .31). (Whiston Quimby, 2009). The use of meta-analysis offers some weakness on the research which is actually a common thing for meta-analytic researches. This results from the fact that the effect size’s quality is dependant on the quality of research and accuracy. Sampling inaccurate of ineffective research cases may also render the meta-analytic research weak due to the weakness of the researches sampled. The meta-analytic research may also be stronger due to the fact that it samples a mean of similar variables under various researches and thus providing an average that is a true representative of all researches. In order to improve the meta-analytic exercise it is good to first make an analysis of the article and ensure that they are classified appropriately and their content has high validity so that they may not negatively affect the analysis (Sexton, L.T., Whiston, S., 1998). Summary of Research Outcome A meta-analysis of school counseling research (117 studies, 153 school counseling interventions, and 16, 296 students) found an overall effect size of .30. The authors found that students who participated in school counseling interventions tended to score on various outcome measures about a third of a standard deviation above those who did not receive the interventions. School counseling interventions produced quite large effect sizes in the areas of discipline, problem-solving, and increasing career knowledge. The effect sizes were smaller, but significant, related to school counseling interventions’ impact on academic achievement. Surprisingly little school counseling research was found related to individual counseling. Concerning guidance curriculum, small groups were more effective than interventions that involved entire classrooms. Outcome research reflects that group counseling can be effective with students who are experiencing problems and difficulties. Applying this Research to Practice School counselors can improve the climate in their schools. They can also draw from a vast array of interventions that will help students increase  their academic achievement (Brown, 1999). One intervention that has been used for more than a quarter of a century is behavioral contracts. Behavioral contracts must have specific objectives, set attainable short-term goals, be monitored regularly, allow for immediate reinforcement, and be adjusted when they are not promoting the desired change. Other direct interventions frequently employed by school counselors include study skills groups, time management training, classroom guidance units aimed at improving test taking skills, and achievement motivation groups. Achievement motivation groups are led by the counselor, but involve input from the teachers and support for increased achievement from the students in the group. When students have educational and career goals, they do better in school. Counselors can facilitate the development of educational and personal goals by engaging students in individual and group activities that focus on goal setting. Some school counselors routinely ask students about interests, educational plans, and occupational goals and record these in their portfolios as one way of emphasizing the importance of goal setting. Research supports what educators have long understood: parent involvement is an important factor in student achievement (Brown, 1999). Parents who have a high level of commitment to their children, set high standards, maintain a stable home environment, and support achievement, have children who do better in school. Counselors can involve parents through parent consultation, parent education classes that teach parents how to support their children in schools as well as parenting skills, and by advocating for parents and students when students are not treated fairly by the educational establishment. They can also help keep the parents of children who are having difficulty in school apprised of their children’s progress by encouraging teachers to communicate more frequently with parents than once per grading period. Conclusion School counselors are under pressure to assist in the effort to increase student achievement. They can respond to this challenge by working to improve the school climate, using direct interventions such as teaching study skills and involving students in achievement motivation groups, and by increasing the involvement of parents in the educational process. As our culture and educational institutions change, school counseling practices are emerging to better meet the needs of today’s students. Resources Brown, D (1999). Proven strategies for improving learning and academic achievement. Greensboro, NC: CAPS Publications Sexton, L.T., and Whiston, S.C. (1998). A review of school counseling outcome research: Implications for practice. Journal of Counseling and Development volume 76, issue number pp 412-426. Whiston Quinby (2009). Review of school counseling research. Psychology in the Schools 46(3), 267-272. Schatzberg Nemeroff (2009). Textbook of Pyschopharmacology. Arlington, VA: The American Psychiatric Publisher. Whiston, Susan C; Wendi, Lee Tai; Rahardja, Daryn; Eder, Kelly. Journal of Counseling and Development. Winter 2011. Vol. 89. Issue 1, p. 37-55.

How Lennie is Like a Mouse in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers

The characteristics of mice are simple and feebleminded. A mouse is helpless, timid and oblivious. Few characters in Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men possess such characteristics. Throughout the novel, Lennie exhibits the qualities associated with mice. Lennie relies on others to think for him. He won’t act or react unless he’s told to. When he’s getting punched in the face by Curley, Lennie doesn’t even flinch until George tells him to: â€Å"Get ‘im Lennie!† Lennie took his hands away from his face and looked about for George, and Curley slashed at his eyes. The big face was covered with blood. George yelled again, â€Å"I said get him.† Curley’s fist was swinging when Lennie reached for it. The next minute, Curley was flopping like a fish. (Steinbeck 63) Lennie, like a mouse, is helpless. Lennie relies on George to think for him like mice rely on scraps of food from the dinner table to eat. Since he relies on George to do most of the talking for him, Lennie tends to get nervous when he’s alone with others. When Curley asks him when he and George came in, Lennie freezes up, scared that whatever he says will get him into trouble, â€Å"His glance was at once calculating and pugnacious. Lennie squirmed under the look and shifted his feet nervously.† (Steinbeck 25). Mice are shy creatures who try to, at all costs, avoid trouble. Lennie is scared to talk to others because he’s scared he’ll get himself into trouble. Lennie is oblivious to what’s going on around him, it’s as if he’s in his own little world. As Curley is giving everyone a lecture because he thought Slim was with his wife, Lennie is just laying down on a bed laughing to himself: His eyes slipped on past and lighted on Lennie, and Lennie was still smiling with delight at the memory of the ranch. Curley stepped over to Lennie like a terrier. â€Å"What the hell you laughin’ at?† Lennie looked blankly at him, â€Å"Huh?

When a Man Loves a Woman – Case Study

Movie Blog week 4 When a Man Loves a Woman Alice is married to Michael who is an airplane pilot and they have two daughters the older daughter Jess is Alice's from a previous relationship and the younger daughter Casey is theirs together. Alice is a junior high guidance counselor and also an alcoholic. The movie goes through their life together and shows how Alice's addiction affects the family. Alice goes to rehab and gets sober and her and Michael have a hard time adjusting to sober Alice and they break up but at the end of the movie they get back together.The main character in crisis is Alice because of her alcohol addiction. The precipitating events that triggered the crisis are her drinking and her relationship with her husband who seems to belittle her often. The factors that exacerbated the crisis are when Alice got into an accident because she was drunk. The coping skills she used were when she entered rehab to get sober. Using the Crisis in Context Theory the crisis is Alice as an alcoholic and when she falls out of the shower her daughter Jess thinks she is dead.The system is Alice and the community is the town that she lives and works in and the stakeholders are her husband Michael and two girls Jess and Casey. The layers of the crisis involve Alice and her family when dealing with her alcoholism. The family of Alice is close in physical proximity to the crisis and also has reactions to the crisis. The reciprocal effect with Alice and Michael is they have to learn to be a couple when Alice is sober and then her children have to be able to forgive Alice for treating them poorly when she was drinking.The movie also shows the time factor as we see Alice interacting with her family after her crisis as she continues to go to AA. Alice does return to normal daily functioning and is invested in staying sober by attending AA meetings and working on her personal relationships with her husband and children. Alice did experience growth post crisis and took owne rship of her actions when addicted and even speaking at AA meetings. Some personal issues I might have when dealing with Alice while in crisis are that she is first a mother and she is neglecting to care for her children and even physically hit Jess across the face.I would help Alice see that she needs to get sober for herself and her children and not be judgmental to her. While working with Alice I would do self-care by continuing to exercise regularly and spend time caring for my children. Resources Mandoki, L. (Director). (1994). When a Man Loves a Woman [DVD]. United States: Touchstone Home Entertainment Myer, R. A. , & Moore, H. B. (2006). Crisis in Context Theory: An Ecological Model. Journal Of Counseling & Development, 84(2), 139-147.

Polymer Processing

Chapter 3. Polymer Processing Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 1. Procedure for casting sheets of polymer. Polymer Materials Page ? 2 Polymer Process Techniques HEMA = hydroxyethyl methacrylate EGDMA = ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Fig. 3. 2. Centrifugal mold for poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) contact lenses Solvent casting of films Fig. 3. 3. Laboratory spreading device for the solution casting of films. Polymer Materials Page ? 3 Polymer Process Techniques Roll casting Fig. 3. 4. Knife coating of a polymer onto a film. Polymer Materials Page ? 4 Polymer Process TechniquesFig. 3. 5. Polymer casting bench. Polymer Materials Page ? 5 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 6. Solution casting of films on an industrial scale with the use of rotating metal drums. Polymer Materials Page ? 6 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 7. Use of a moving-belt system for the continuous solution casting of polymer films. Polymer Materials Page ? 7 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 8. ‘Bubbleâ⠂¬â„¢ blowing of films. Polymer Materials Page ? 8 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 9. Film manufacture by calendering. Polymer Materials Page ? 9 Polymer Process TechniquesMethods for melt processing of films Fig. 3. 10. Hydraulic press for the melt pressing of polymer films. Polymer Materials Page ? 10 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 11. Sequence of operations for the melt extrusion of polymer films. Polymer Materials Page ? 11 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 12. Diagram of a plastics extruder. Polymer Materials Page ? 12 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 13. Diagram of a compression-molding press and mold. Polymer Materials Page ? 13 Polymer Process Techniques Melt process Fig. 3. 14. Diagram of an injection-molding machine. Polymer MaterialsPage ? 14 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 15. Thermoforming of polymer sheets. Polymer Materials Page ? 15 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 16. ‘Plug flow reactor’ to manufacture radiation crosslinked tubings or bel ts. Polymer Materials Page ? 16 Polymer Process Techniques Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) Advantages: ? Large parts ? Low viscosity ? Inexpensive Materials : ? Urethanes ? Polyureas ? Nylon ? Polyolefins Fig. 3. 17. Reaction injection molding (RIM) device to produce reinforced polyurethanes. ? Cylinder charged with diol and triol plus dibutyltin dilaurate ?Cylinder charged with molten diisocyanate ? Half of split mold ? Half of split mold ? Cavity to be filled with reinforcing fiber, then with mixed liquid from nozzle ? Nozzle for mixing streams from ? and ? Polymer Materials Page ? 17 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 18. Apparatus for the laboratory wet spinning of fibers. Polymer Materials Page ? 18 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 19. Use of a motor-driven syringe pump for the laboratory preparation of wet-spun fibers. Polymer Materials Page ? 19 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 20. Laboratory assembly for the ry spinning of fibers. Polymer Materials Page ? 20 Polymer Pro cess Techniques Fig. 3. 21. Industrial wet spinning. Polymer Materials Page ? 21 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 22. Laboratory or pilot-plant equipment for the melt extrusion of fibers. Polymer Materials Page ? 22 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 23. Manufacturing equipment for the dry spinning of fibers. Polymer Materials Page ? 23 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 24. Equipment for the melt spinning of fibers on an industrial scale. Polymer Materials Page ? 24 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 25.Three methods for the continuous orientation of synthetic fibers. (a) The fiber passes round a ‘peg’ which stabilizes the stretch orientation being induced by the faster-turning set of rollers. (b) The faster-turning drum stretches the polymer in the orientation zone. With this technique some difficulty may be experienced with stabilization of this zone. (c) The two drums turn at the same speed. But the fiber is stretched because of the greater circumference of the se cond drum. Polymer Materials Page ? 25 Polymer Process Techniques Processing of Elastomers (Vulcanizable) Fig. 3. 26.Reactor to manufacture four-ply valcanized rubber belts. Polymer Materials Page ? 26 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 27. Tire molding process Polymer Materials Page ? 27 Polymer Process Techniques Composite & Laminate Processing Fig. 3. 28. Plug-flow reactor to form epoxy resin preimpregnated sheet. Polymer Materials Page ? 28 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 29. ‘Batch reactor’ to manufacture glass-fiber reinforced polyesters. Polymer Materials Page ? 29 Polymer Process Techniques Fig. 3. 30. Procedure used to manufacture fiber reinforced epoxy resins. Polymer Materials Page ? 30

Investigatory Projects Essays

Investigatory Projects Essays Investigatory Projects Essay Investigatory Projects Essay Flowers Used for Dye Hollyhocks Hollyhock, or Alcea rosea, petals are available in varying shades from nearly white to almost black. The dyes made from these petals range in color from bright green to greenish brown depending upon how the blossoms are prepared. According to Rakhi Shanker and Padma S. Vankar from the Facility for Ecological and Analytical Testing in Kanpur, India, a substance such as alum or other metal salts is used to make the dye stay on the fabric without quickly washing out. This substance is called a mordant. Shanker and Vankar experimented with mordants such as copper sulphate and stannic chloride as well as alum and found that the color varied depending upon which mordant was used. Saffron Saffron, or Crocus sativus, creates a strong yellow dye. According to W. P. Armstrong from Palomar College, saffrons blossoms contain a coloring pigment in their stigmas, which are the long tube-like structures inside the middle of the blossoms. This coloring pigment is called crocin, and it is a distant relative of vitamin A. The stigmas are dried and used for dyeing. The website indicates that approximately 4000 flowers are needed to make a single ounce of dye. Saffron was once used to dye the robes of Irish royalty, according to Armstrong. It is used most often as a food coloring. Royal Poinciana Delonix regia is also known as Royal poinciana or Gulmohur. These trees produce striking golden and scarlet flowers during the spring. Dyes created from gulmohur blossoms range in shades from golden yellow to dark brown, depending upon the mordant. According to K. Anitha and S. N. Prasad from the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History in India, dyes that used turmeric powder as a mordant produced golden yellow or dark tan shades on silk depending upon whether the whole flowers or just the petals were used. A 10 percent alum solution produced olive green. Safflower Younsook Shin from Chonnam National University in Korea indicates that Korea has a long tradition of using safflower as a natural dye. Safflower petals contain carthamin, which produces red, and safflower yellow B, which roduces an orange-yellow color. Healthline adds that safflowers were traditionally used to dye silk yellow or red. The blossoms were also dried, finely ground and mixed with talc to produce rouge. Safflower dye is commonly used to add color to foods. Making Natural Dyes From Plants Did you know that a great source for natural dyes can be found right in your own back yard! Roots, nuts and flowers are just a few common natural ways to get many colors. Yel low, orange, blue, red, green, brown and grey are available. Go ahead, experiment! Gathering plant material for dyeing: Blossoms should be in full bloom, berries ripe and nuts mature. Remember, never gather more than 2/3 of a stand of anything in the wild when gathering plant stuff for dying. To make the dye solution: Chop plant material into small pieces and place in a pot. Double the amount of water to plant material. Bring to a boil, then simmer for about an hour. Strain. Now you can add your fabric to be dyed. For a stronger shade, allow material to soak in the dye overnight. Getting the fabric ready for the dye bath: You will have to soak the fabric in a color fixative before the dye process. This will make the color set in the fabric. Color Fixatives: Salt Fixative (for berry dyes) 1/2 cup salt to 8 cups cold water Plant Fixatives (for plant dyes) 4 parts cold water to 1 part vinegar Add fabric to the fixative and simmer for an hour. Rinse the material and squeeze out excess. Rinse in cool water until water runs clear. Dye Bath: Place wet fabric in dye bath. Simmer together until desired color is obtained. The color of the fabric will be lighter when its dry. Also note that all dyed fabric should be laundered in cold water and separately. Muslin, silk, cotton and wool work best for natural dyes and the lighter the fabric in color, the better. White or pastel colors work the best. NOTE: Its best to use an old large pot as your dye vessel. Wear rubber gloves to handle the fabric that has been dyed, the dye can stain your hands. Its also important to note, some plant dyes may be toxic, check with the Poison Control Center if unsure. Shades of orange -Alder Bark (orange) Bloodroot will give a good orange to reddish orange color. Sassafras (leaves) Onion (skin) – orange Lichen (gold) Carrot (roots) orange Lilac (twigs) yellow/orange Barberry (mahonia sp. ) yellow orange (with alum) very strong ; permanent. Any part of the plant will work. Giant Coreopsis (Coreopsis gigantea) Yields bright permanent orange with alum. Turmeric dyed cloth will turn orange or red if it is dipped in lye. Pomagrante – with alum anywhere fro m orange to khaki green. Butternut (seed husks) orange Eucaluptus (leaves and bark) beautiful shades of tan, orange and brown. Shades of red Elderberry red Red leaves will give a reddish brown color I use salt to set the dye. Sumac (fruit) light red Sycamore (bark)- red Dandelion (root) Beets deep red Bamboo turkey red Crab Apple (bark) red/yellow Rose (hips) Chokecherries Madder (root) red Hibiscus Flowers (dried) Kool-aid Canadian Hemlock (bark) reddish brown Japanese Yew (heartwood) brown dye Wild ripe Blackberries Brazilwood St. Johns Wort (whole plant) soaked in alcohol red Bedstraw (root) red

Make Your Own Homemade Hand Sanitizer

Make Your Own Homemade Hand Sanitizer Some commercial hand sanitizer contains ingredients as scary as the germs they protect you from, so why not make your own hand sanitizer from ingredients you select? This is an excellent project for kids as well as adults since the project can be expanded to include a discussion about hygiene and disinfection. Youll save money, protect yourself from germs, and can customize the scent of the hand sanitizer so it doesnt smell medicinal. Homemade Hand Sanitizer Ingredients 2/3 cup 99% rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) or ethanol1/3 cup aloe vera gel8-10 drops essential oil, optional (such as lavender, vanilla, peppermint, grapefruit)bowl and spoonfunnelrecycled liquid soap or hand sanitizer bottle Make Hand Sanitizer Nothing could be easier! Simply mix the ingredients together and then use the funnel to pour them into the bottle. Screw the pump back onto the bottle and youre ready to go. How It Works The active ingredient in this hand sanitizer recipe is the alcohol, which needs to comprise at least 60% of the product in order to be an effective disinfectant. Essential Oils in Hand Sanitizer In addition to adding fragrance to your hand sanitizer, the essential oil you choose may also help protect you against germs. For example, thyme and clove oil have antimicrobial properties. If you are using antimicrobial oils, only use a drop or two, since these oils tend to be very powerful and might irritate your skin. Other oils, such as lavender or chamomile, may help soothe your skin.

Johnny Juneau Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Johnny Juneau Case - Essay Example To begin with the defense of Johnny, it is important to stress the elements of a crime. Crime should constitute actus reus and mens rea or the intention and execution of such unlawful act. The mistake of information shall also be invoked to profess that it was never an intention of Johnny to defraud the gas station that prompted the owner to file theft charges against Johnny. The actual act of the crime is actus reus. It was derived from the principle stated by Edward Coke that stated actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea,  which means: "an act does not make a person guilty unless (their) mind is also guilty". Such, the guilt of a crime requires culpability and proof of fault both in intent and act. Following the principles of actus reus, criminal act is committed by doing it, omission and possession. Acting on a crime meant a â€Å"bodily movement whether voluntary or involuntary† to consummate the crime (Robinson v. California,  370  U.S.  660, 1962). Applying this principle to Johnny, the alleged criminal charge of murder was not a product of his bodily movement. Omission pertains to the failure to act the necessary bodily movement that resulted to harm which in Johnny’s case, the electrocution of his neighbor of which he was charged for being responsible of the neighbor’s death. ... For the act to be exempted from voluntary act that would constitute the culpability of actus reus, exemption falls under the following elements; 1. A reflex or convulsion; 2. A bodily movement during unconsciousness or sleep; 3. Conduct during hypnosis or resulting from hypnotic suggestion; 4. A bodily movement that otherwise is not a product of the effort or the determination of the actor, either conscious or habitual. Mens rea as a component of crime on the other hand is the intent, process or planning to commit the crime. It is the deliberative aspect of committing a crime which in Johnny’s case must be satisfied to qualify the electrocution of his neighbor as murder. To illustrate actus reus and mens rea, we would be compelled to cite an example to differentiate these two concepts. Planning to kill or rob as a mens rea is not a crime until it acted upon (mens rea). These two concepts when linked together constitute a crime that often leads to conviction. a. Defense on murd er charge The death through electrocution of Johnny’s neighbor was never intentional. In no circumstance did Johnny demonstrate intent, deliberation or any motivation to inflict harm or death to the neighbor. In fact, Johnny was even grateful for borrowing the ladder. In fact, Johnny Juneau himself could have been killed by the unfortunate incident because he was still using the ladder on his way down when it touched an uninsulated part of the gas store’s sign that made it electrified. There was no way Johnny could have known that would happen.   Yet, he is still charged with murder on the ground that his behavior led to the electrocution of his neighbor that falls on the ground of omission of actus