Underground and Sublime: How the Subterranean Context of a City Embodies a Unique Spatial Experience

Underground and superb â€Å"The high picked up from such subterraneous geographic endeavor is so bally serious, there’s no interest for a challis in this wonderland. Unparalleled by anything on a superficial level degree, the dishes of the city are a sight behold.† ( Graphotism, 1999 ) Current boundless, in setting of the city and the experience of a city occupant, has been decreased to a summed up position that can be portrayed as ‘verticality’ . Gaston Bachelard ( 1969 ) presents his hypothesis on verticalness through the shared resistance of the storm cellar and the space, which in twist carries unequivocal infiltrations into the extremely unique phenomenological waies the inventiveness sees ; the House in our eyes is a concentrated structure, built with upward drive. It turns into an autonomous volume which furnishes us with a mentally solid nature. Yet, inside the house, boundless is restricted by the explanation of the Attic and the delirium of the storm cellar. On the off chance that the House fills in as an analogy for a City, the guidelines are the equivalent in that the Attic is illustrative of the reasonable assault taken to urban spacial structure. Henri Lefebvre comments in his book The Production of Space, â€Å"Verticality, and the independency of volumes with respect to the first land and it’s unmistakable highlights, are, precisely, produced† . Similarly long as we hold fast to Verticality being the cardinal hub of the urban condition, our eyes lift over the prompt explicitness of locale on which it is manufactured, following in a homogeneous constructed condition, along these lines a reflection of world. The storm cellar on the different manus, in the example ‘The Underground’ , is seen as a lost measurement, one which is characterized by deliberation, however Bachelard brings up that the phenomenology of populating a ‘cellar’ endless spots the occupant in an amicable territory with subterraneous powers and the delirium of burrowing. The situation of a city occupant on their quick condition, once populating a subterranean endless, is returned and further extended, to the point that the innovativeness is boundless inside the chief ‘dark entity’ . The paper will investigate what, why and how the subterraneous setting of a city epitomizes an alone spacial encounter through an inquiry into the Sublime. The connection of Sublime hypothesis to community foundation installed in the city obstruction will gracefully the confirmations to oppugn whether the considerations of the Sublime are pertinent, especially in the occurrence of unbounded structured without design hypothetical purposes. Would infinite be able to be all the more carefully empyreal on the off chance that it isn’t intentionally intended to be empyreal? What â€Å"Whatever is fitted in any sort to energize the musings of harming, and peril, that is to express, whatever is in any benevolent dreadful, or is recognizable about horrendous items or works in a mode reporter to fear is a start of the grand ; that is, it is gainful of the most grounded feeling the head is equipped for feeling.† ( Burke, 1990 ) Bachelard ( 1969 ) utilizes a short portrayal to elucidate his hypothesis on how subterranean unbounded abdominal muscle initio incites a feeling of fear in the theme gave by C G Jung in his book Modern Man in chase of a Soul. â€Å" Here the witting Acts of the Apostless like a grown-up male who, hearing a cautious commotion in the storm cellar, scurries to the Attic and, happening no thieves at that spot chooses, as needs be, that the clamor was unadulterated inventiveness. In world, this reasonable grown-up male did non make intense endeavor into the cellar.† The Underground is delineated as the more terrible in the looking at of raised unbounded and subterraneous interminable because of the degrees of witting thought used to apologize alarm. In which, carries us to a cardinal attribute of the Sublime. Dread is an apprehensiveness of harming or expire, hence rendering the natural structure invalidated of its forces of moving and finishing up when oppressed enter the opposition. ( Burke, 1990 ) Yet this represents a Catch 22 when we consider various situations that include the custom of come ining a subterranean boundless. In certain events, for case during wartime, grown-up male looks for the assurance of the protection from abstain from harming or perish. The sand trap viewpoint takes a figure of discernable signifiers, from which it is meriting seeing on their insufficiency of fundamental structure contemplations including solace, airing and obvious radiation. This normal air towards underground agonizing roots from the most punctual si gnifier of safe house for grown-up male, the cavern, but then even now the structure of subterranean sand traps isn’t plainly not quite the same as an obviously happening cavern, suggesting that we other than partition a feeling that all is well with the world close by trepidation. There is other than the energy of miracle, despite the fact that it is the most straightforward of our interests, which can overmaster our dreads and force us to follow the best approach to discover. â€Å"When risk or strivings press exorbitantly early, they are unequipped for giving any delectation, and are just dreadful ; yet at specific separations, and with specific modifications, they might be, and they are delightful† . ( Burke, 1990 ) In portion, it is the musings of harming that are substantially more impressive than pleasance, along these lines the contemplations of the empyreal develop through terrible experience, yet essentially our brushs bring about pleasance. The excursion attempted by human presences with the marvel to dive profound into the obscure, the stairss taken to make a completion, especially into deepnesss of the subterranean separated from any above land spacial experience as the subject is kept from about. An aching for the wellbeing of the surface shows sentiments of uneasiness and claustrophobia, which could hold edgy impacts, yet it is unequivocally this dismay in like manner creates the outrageous highs which will ever be appealing to the theme. ( Carlyle, 2000 ) Why â€Å"Adjusting to the limits of quietness and stunning clamor, splendid halls and flip dark flights of stairs and fundamentally building up an associate perception of an overly complex framework in which were one time overlooked [ go ] holes to underground frontiers.† ( Carlyle, 2000 ) The custom of voyaging subterranean totally is empyreal ; as we slip into dimness our faculties are stirred, stirred and increased. Our taking care of moment inside informations is expanded inside a kept vast, similar to the sound of a rodent rushing along the tracks of the London Underground ; the physical limits are existent, seting the faculties under staggering accentuation, go forthing the inventiveness to enlarge into the overwhelming dimness bring oning a solid feeling of dismay over regularly undistinguished occasions. †When we know the full degree of any peril, when we habituate our eyes to it, an incredible exchange of the apprehensiveness vanishes.† ( Burke, 1990 ) These all being culminations of our human instinct, we are nonvoluntary with these impacts which in all features are connected to Sublime Theory. Edmund Burke in his book A Philosophic Enquiry into the Beginning of our Ideas on the Sublime and the Beautiful, the particular highlights of the wonderful are set out in parts and development clear uping the hypothesis of our interests and their real sourced. According to design, he supplies brief course and audit of the idea of empyreal unbounded, yet it is the immediate individual experience and emotions he depicts, the start of the heavenly, which I attempt to contrast and the phenomenology of Underground boundless. â€Å"Stepping outside our prearranged traffic frames and built up finishs, we discover a city bound with liminality, with outskirt areas cutting over its chest and making into its sky. We locate a 1000 vanishing focuses, every one of a kind, each alive, each pregnant with riches and admirations and time.† ( Cook, 2009 ) Advancement has brought a gigantic covert black market into city degrees, jumbled with wrestling transport burrows, media transmission lines, the mail rail, sand traps and vaults. Which are all uncovered from the Earth, falling into dimness, off from any start of common noticeable radiation, which brings about that all light is unnaturally subbed. Shadows immerse unbounded, making these vanishing focuses that Michael Cook, a urban globe-trotter who runs the site Vanishing Point, discusses in Geoff Manaugh’s The BLDG BLOG Book. The evaporating point other than alludes to a state of forever, which in Sublime footings alludes to a scrumptious repulsiveness. After looking down a movement burrow, in subterranean city engineering, there is no light lighting the terminal, there is just murkiness, which presents the pheonomenon of time everlasting, hence our inventiveness is allowed to broaden to our frenzy, or pleasance. Thoughts can repeat in our mind about vastly, as â€Å"if you hold up a back to back post, with your oculus to one terminal, it will look reached out to a length about incredible.† ( Burke, 1990 ) So despite the fact that the existent elements of a subterranean passage understand claustrophobia, they other than grasp monstrosity in the top of the item, non simply through the similarity to forever however next to the perception of the confounded framework that they possess. Now, the passage and the flight appear to be strange, however the outcome of time everlasting on the creativity changes harming to pleasance. Significance of the measurement powerfully affects the wonderful, especially in thought to design. However, it tends to be seen from numerous points of view, a lot of them restricting. For representation Norberg-Schulz in his book Genius Loci depicts â€Å"The Mountain, in this manner, has a place with the Earth, however it ascends toward the sky. It is ‘high’ , it is near heaven† , and the astronomical connection it has in association Eden and Earth, meaning that the momentous graduated t

The Chaldean Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II

The Chaldean Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II Name: Nabã »-kudurri-uåÿur in Akkadian (implies Nabã » secure my youngster) or NebuchadnezzarImportant Dates: r. 605-562 B.C.Occupation: Monarch Specialty Demolished the sanctuary of Solomon and began the Babylonian Captivity of the Hebrews. Lord Nebuchadnezzar II was the child of Nabopolassar (Belesys, to Hellenistic essayists), who originated from the Marduk-venerating Kaldu clans living in the outrageous southern piece of Babylonia. Nabopolassar began the Chaldean time frame (626-539 B.C.) by reestablishing Babylonian autonomy, following the fall of the Assyrian Empire in 605. Nebuchadnezzar was the most well known and significant lord of the Second Babylonian (or Neo-Babylonian or Chaldean) Empire, which tumbled to the Persian extraordinary ruler Cyrus the Great in 539 B.C. Achievements of Nebuchadnezzar II Nebuchadnezzar renovated old strict landmarks and improved waterways, as other Babylonian rulers had done. He was the main Babylonian lord to administer Egypt, and controlled a domain that stretched out to Lydia, however his most popular achievement was his castle - a spot utilized for managerial, strict, stately, just as private purposes particularly the amazing Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the 7 miracles of the old world. Babylon, as well, lies in a plain; and the circuit of its divider is 300 and eighty-five stadia. The thickness of its divider is thirty-two feet; the tallness thereof between the towers is fifty cubits;9 that of the towers is sixty ​cubits; and the section on the divider is with the end goal that four-horse chariots can without much of a stretch pass each other; and it is on this record this and the hanging garden are called one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Strabo Geography Book XVI, Chapter 1There were in it likewise a few counterfeit shakes, that had the likeness of mountains; with nurseries of a wide range of plants, and a sort of hanging garden suspended noticeable all around by a most honorable creation. This was to satisfy his better half, who, being brought operation in Media, among the slopes, and in the natural air, discovered alleviation from such a prospect.Thus composes Berosus [c. 280 B.C.] regarding the king....Josephus In Answer to Appion Book II Building Projects The Hanging Gardens were on a porch bolstered by block curves. Nebuchadnezzars building ventures included encompassing his capital city with a twofold divider 10-miles in length with an intricate passage called the Ishtar Gate. 3] On the top, along the edges of the divider, they fabricated places of a solitary room, confronting one another, with space enough between to drive a four-horse chariot. There are a hundred entryways in the circuit of the divider, the entirety of bronze, with posts and lintels of the same.Herodotus The Histories Book I.179.3These dividers are the citys external protective layer; inside them there is another encompassing divider, close to as solid as the other, yet narrower.Herodotus The Histories Book I.181.1 He likewise manufactured a port on the Persian Gulf. Triumphs Nebuchadnezzar vanquished the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho at Carchemish in 605. In 597, he caught Jerusalem, ousted King Jehoiakim, and put Zedekiah on the seat. Many driving Hebrew families were banished right now. Nebuchadnezzar crushed the Cimmerians and Scythians [see Tribes of the Steppes] and afterward turned west, once more, vanquishing Western Syria and devastating Jerusalem, including the Temple of Solomon, in 586. He put down a resistance under Zedekiah, whom he had introduced, and banished progressively Hebrew families. He took the occupants of Jerusalem prisoner and carried them to Babylon, for which reason this period in Biblical history is alluded to as the Babylonian imprisonment. Otherwise called: Nebuchadnezzar the GreatAlternate Spellings: Nabu-kudurri-usur, Nebuchadrezzar, Nabuchodonosor Extra Resources Hotspots for Nebuchadnezzar incorporate different books of the Bible (e.g., Ezekial and Daniel) and Berosus (Hellenistic Babylonian essayist). His many structure ventures give archeological record, remembering composed records of his achievements for the region of respecting the divine beings with sanctuary upkeep. Official records give basically dry, point by point account. Sources Seat of Kingship/A Wonder to Behold: The Palace as Construct in the Ancient close to East, by Irene J. Winter; Ars Orientalis Vol. 23, Pre-Modern Islamic Palaces (1993), pp. 27-55.Nebuchadnezzar King of Justice, by W. G. Lambert; Iraq Vol. 27, No. 1 (Spring, 1965), pp. 1-1Images of Nebuchadnezzar: the development of a ​legend,, by Ronald Herbert Sack

Effective Use of Imagery in William Blake’s The Lamb and Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s A Very Old Man Wi :: William Blake Lamb Essays

Viable Use of Imagery in William Blake’s The Lamb and Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Boats as large as voyage ships/Glide nimbly over the sea's smooth surface. Have you at any point perused a bit of writing and seen it as tremendously fulfilling because of the huge measure of depictions utilized by either the writer or the writer? As the initial line shows what's going on at the sea shore, the peruser can truly become more acquainted with what the creator is attempting to clarify. These depictions are alluded to as symbolism. Symbolism is utilized to give a definite depiction of an individual, spot, or thing. In the short story, A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, and in the sonnet, The Lamb, by William Blake, both, creator and artist, use symbolism to portray to their crowd their own view of a heavenly attendant. In the story, A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, Marquez first tells the peruser that, the fallen body with quiet trance (828), was a holy messenger by composing that he, was unable to get up, blocked by his gigantic wings (828). A lot of the present social orders first starting idea of a man with wings are to accept that this individual is a holy messenger. Individuals have a wide range of convictions of what a blessed messenger should resemble. Marquez, not needing his perusers to wander away from what his very own perspective on a blessed messenger in this story, utilizes symbolism to explain his impression of the holy messenger. Marquez takes note of that the holy messenger has an, unlimited tongue with a solid mariner's voice, he was dressed like a ragpicker, immense vulture wings, grimy and half-culled, just a couple of blurred hairs on his uncovered skull and not many teeth in his mouth, and in all likelihood the most critical, his sad state of a soaked incredible granddad ha d removed any feeling of loftiness he may have had (828). Without the last subtleties of the blessed messenger, the peruser would have the chance to utilize whatever they will in general accept and heavenly attendant is. Marquez sets up the portrayal of the blessed messenger to empower the peruser to comprehend why the townspeople may have regarded the holy messenger as they had, as though he weren't an otherworldly animal however a carnival creature (829). In the sonnet, The Lamb, Blake utilizes symbolism to clarify the way the, Little Lamb (Line 1), resembles.

Light Weight Material for Automobile Essay

General fragment vehicle with light weight compounds and metal network composites 1. 1 Analysis A car is a solitary greatest polluter, as outflows from a huge number of vehicles include. As engine vehicles have been immense wellsprings of contamination for the world since the most recent hundred years, the significant vehicle organizations and market see benefit by acquainting some new innovations with diminish emanation and conveying best answers for clients. One of the significant purposes behind emanation is weight of the vehicle. As weight builds carbon emanation increments and eco-friendliness diminishes. Both similarly diminish client discernments. Present market fights to lessen carbon discharges and to satisfy client requests for profoundly eco-friendly vehicles. As the above articulation is top need in present market and coming future, metallic pieces of a general section vehicle will be supplanted by light weight amalgams by coming decades. Anyway huge cost difficulties are there for utilizing light weight materials from assembling procedure to end life cycle. Sagaciously handling of this cost will be the way to showcase applications. 1. 2Strategic sense which assists with making light weighting vehicles Global warming, worldwide fuel costs and fuel requests are setting off to a basic circumstance, which makes human to think on the other hand. As more fuel utilizes, more CO2 produces. In the event that lion's share of vehicles made by prepares are supplanted by lightweight vehicles, it will diminish the worldwide fuel needs. As this activity makes awesome favorable circumstances to world, it will get a great deal of co-activity from different enterprises governments and political frameworks. Innovatively and monetarily there are a ton of difficulties and things to be finished. Much R&D attempts to do. Directly from material determination, item configuration, process configuration, producing techniques, joining strategies all must be update for set up associations. It is a major test. 1. 3 Initiatives taken to make light weighting vehicles To accomplish a light weight structures, without bargaining inflexibility auto engineers have been investigating the supplanting of steel with plastics, aluminum and magnesium. Utilizing of cutting edge material for decreasing weight is the most economical approach to diminish vitality utilization and carbon outflows. It is discovered that; * For each 10% weight decrease in weight of a vehicle will result in 5% - 7% upgrades in eco-friendliness. * For each kilogram of weight decrease of a vehicle will bring about the decrease of carbon dioxide about 20kg. [1] 1. 4 Weight sparing and relative expense for light weight material Figure 1. 1 Relative material properties and cost [2]. Significant key variables while utilizing propelled light weight materials are manufacturability, cost and joining forms. Yet, as necessity is the mother of creation, manufacturability of aluminum and its composite’s will get simpler and conservative by coming years. Diverse assembling strategies are there to frame aluminum into wanted shape. 1. 5 Vehicle Case Study Super light Car Project: Figure 1. 2 Light weight materials, a vehicle contextual investigation [3] The goal of this task was to make a creative thought by multi-material and light weight structure. This task demonstrated that, BIW board structure weight can decrease by 30%, multi material assembling with diminished cost, recyclability and supportability of light weight materials. This undertaking was a benchmark execution by joined endeavor of numerous parts and seven vehicle produces (counting Volkswagen and Volvo), 10 providers, 10 R&D organizations and seven colleges. The last item was a blend of various materials and a wide scope of joining advancements. The figure 1. 2 shows the advantages, that Super Light Project accomplished.

Nando’s SWOT analysis Essay

1. SWOT examination of Nadon a) Strength 1. Famous Global chain with more than 750 cafés in more than 40 nations 2. Nandos’ Flame Grilled Peri Chicken is accepted to be special and the best on the planet. Can pick fiery level. 3. Nando’s chicken are considered as sound alongside the unrivaled taste too 4. Franchisee model has permitted Nando’s to grow quickly in worldwide markets 5. Sensible valuing for quality item b) Weakness 1. Absence of showcasing exercises and since that a low neighborhood acknowledgment. Low brand perceivability 2. Outright spotlight on Chicken diminishes the inflow of old client. Powerless R&D. 3. Parent organization IRL’s money related difficulty lessens the extension plans of Nando’s across Indian Market c) Opportunity 1. Improve with new things and market them also alongside Chicken 2. Lodging Industry is determined to develop in twofold digit figures, which presents a critical chance to Nandos 3. Online Market d) Threat 1. Serious rivalry from other global player in Singapore advertise. 2. Development in number of players is more than the development of the interest itself and it will prompt further rivalry and diminish generally speaking benefit of the business Discussing best barbecued chicken on the planet, Nando’s Peri-Peri chicken must be perhaps the most grounded contender. After the organization was established in 1987, Nando’s has just worked 1000 outlets in 24 nations across 5 mainlands and contributed US$650 million of benefit in 2012. With its worldwide notoriety and experience working establishment in abroad, the organization can without much of a stretch duplicate and bring their thought into Singapore advertise. To be accepted the world’s best and extraordinary flame broiled chicken dish, Nando’s signature dish Peri-Peri chicken is all around perceived by its unique assortment of bean stew sauce including lemon and herb, Mango and Lime, medium, hot and extra hot. All Nando’s chicken is Red Tractor guaranteed, having satisfied high guidelines of sanitation, creature government assistance and ecological security. This implies the chicken isn't just delectable, yet in addition sheltered and sound. Not just chicken dishes are mainstream in Nando’s, an assortment of new food will be additionally every now and again refreshed with burgers, pitas, plates of mixed greens, wings and wraps (espetada as model). Popular â€Å"Corn on the cob† isn't just normally scrumptious yet additionally happy with an amazed low valuing. More or less, Nando’s item is considered as sound alongside the unrivaled taste and the sensible evaluating, which as a rule costs S$20-30 for every feast for each individual, makes their item particularly moderate to middle low salary client who adds to most of the general public. Looking at the company’s size of universal system, be that as it may, the promoting exercises are appeared not as solid as it ought to be in Singapore nearby market. As per a study led by NUS understudies in 2013, the nearby acknowledgment of marking of Nando’s is a lot of lower than its general rivals including Aston Catering, TCC cafã ©. A portion of the assessor even idea Nando’s was a Mexico food brand that sells tacos. Likewise discussing Nando’s dishes, concentrating on chicken as its solitary signature and lacking of advancement underway line will at long last outcome in loss of enthusiasm from client. Despite the fact that endeavors were placed in for new item improvement, the result despite everything stays far fetched in whether new mark can arrive at the present level where the chicken dishes are holding. Other than making chicken as the fundamental course in just 4 decisions †quarter, half, entire chicken and chicken bosom, the Research and Development Department †R&D has shockingly not contributed any new signature dishes among such a significant number of decisions that are accessible †meat, fish or pork. The wear R&D execution will at long last lead to out-dated creation line and customer’s desire won't be fulfilled which regarding misfortune in business. In any case, it is never past the point where it is possible to change and get into the correct heading. Advancement can be made among a few of meat and fish; even the vegetable could be an incredible decision and transform into â€Å"Must-order† things forâ vegi-sweethearts. Ensure the menu is refreshed with new things in certain period and disposal of fruitless dishes which can help in sparing pointless expenses. Therefore, the organization will have the option to pull in new client just as keep up bring business back. What’s more, with the blasting of online business and progressively advance innovation, internet booking will be certainly another chance to step in. As indicated by another examination from Nielsen, a main worldwide supplier of data and experiences into what shoppers watch and purchase, worldwide consumers’ purpose to purchase food and refreshments online expanded 44 percent in two years, with more than one-quarter (26%) of worldwide respondent s detailing they intended to buy food and drink items by method of a gadget with Internet get to, for example, a PC, cell phone or tablet, in the following three to a half year. Henceforth, Online Delivery benefits both customer’s advantageous experience and the online piece of the pie also. Simultaneously however, a ton of quick burger joints has just ventured into online markets like Pizza Hut, KFC, PastaMania and YOSHINOYA. Working a very long time with nearby online food conveyance stage, the contenders appear to have a more grounded inclusion and availability to the neighborhood online customers. Besides, the development in number of players in Singapore is more than the development of the interest itself and it will prompt further rivalry and decrease in general gainfulness of the business. Basically, Nando’s has a solid marking and item esteem which will prompt benefits just once the right promoting approaches is continued. What's more, the organization must comprehend the significance of keeping their item improved so as to keep up the new just as bring business back. With the blasting of online business, Nando’s now can channel their item to client in an increasingly helpful and good manner. Simultaneously, the organization needs to understand that the opposition has never been simpler to surpass those existed organization that gave online conveyance administration since years back.

I didnt get the decision I wanted. What now COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

I didnt get the decision I wanted. What now COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Decisions for Fall 2019 were recently released for Columbia SIPA, so by now you should know your SIPA admissions decision. I’m sure you went through a mix of emotions before and after checking your status page. Whatever decision you received, here are some things that waitlisted candidates, and those who weren’t granted admission, should know going forward. Reapply to SIPA I’m putting this at the top of the list, because you applied to SIPA for a reason, and our community is made of committed candidates, students, alum, faculty, and prospective students like you. If you didn’t get the admission decision you were hoping for, we wholeheartedly encourage you to reapply to SIPA. As a reapplicant, you will go by the same deadlines, fees and requirements as first-time applicants. A benefit is that you may reapply using the personal statement, reference letters, test scores and transcripts from this year’s application. As the essay questions change every year, you should submit new ones (and possibly new recommendation letters).  When next year’s application goes live in mid-August 2019, email us at  sipa_admission@columbia.edu  with “Reapplicant Request to Use Past Materials for  Your Name” in the subject line and specify which of your materials you want to reuse. Details on reapplying to SIPA are here, and my piece of admissions advice for reapplicants is to take a critical look at your application and compare it against What We Look For. Looking at your application, maybe you’ll notice that your work experience isn’t quite relevant to what you want to study at SIPA. Maybe you’ll notice that you have no evidence of your quantitative skills in your application. This will help you focus on what you can work to shore up before the next application opens, like requesting quantitatively-heavy projects at work or taking an macroeconomics or microeconomics course. The Waitlist Admissions at SIPA is competitive, and our waitlisted candidates showed promise. While seats are limited and went to more competitive candidates, some of you will move to the admitted students list over the next few months. SIPA does not rank the waitlist.  Since the waitlist is not ranked, and the entire admissions process is holistic and reactive to the applicants we receive, it will take some time for the waitlist decisions to come out. You should know that we look over the waitlist starting in May and will release final decisions for waitlisted candidates over the summer. If you’re an international student, you’ll still have time to apply for a visa â€" just make sure you don’t procrastinate the process once you’re admitted. Please do not email to ask if your status has changed. We promise that we have not forgotten about you, we’re just unable to provide periodic updates on your standing. Please only contact us if you have a specific request about your waitlist application, like updating your application or removing it from consideration. Waitlisted applicants can send in updated test scores and transcripts.  I want to emphasize that we’ll only review new supplemental materials so you can keep us updated on your academic and professional pursuits. If you’ve retaken the GRE/GMAT or TOEFL/IELTS/PTE, or you’ve taken or completed additional quantitative coursework, you can send that information to  sipa_admission@columbia.edu  by June 1. Make sure you include the documents, your name and application number, and the subject line “Supplemental Waitlist Materials from  Your Name”  in the email. And because you want us to be happy, please send it all at once, and not piecemeal. You can remove yourself from consideration for admission  by emailing us at with your name and application number and letting us know that you’d like to be removed from consideration. Requesting Feedback Due to the volume of applications we receive, we cannot offer individual feedback. However, we recommend you review  What We Look For  in applications, and  common feedback suggestions for applicants. “Can I appeal an admissions decision?” No â€" all decisions are final. The Admissions Committee reviews each application thoroughly and with great care; as such, there is not an appeals process. Thank Yous Chances are that you talked to a lot of people during the application process, from your recommenders to SIPA students and alumni, and perhaps even faculty. No matter the outcome, you should thank them all for their help. They invested time and effort into your future, and I’m sure they’re curious on how things turned out. Even if you weren’t admitted, this can lead to an opportunity for advice from someone with a different perspective, or suggestions on strengthening your application for next year. Our Thanks to You On behalf of the entire Admissions Committee, I want to thank you for your effort. We all got to know you through your application materials and it was an  honor to read about your achievements and ambitions for the future. If you ultimately decide to decline your admissions offer, remove yourself from the waitlist, or  won’t  reapply next year, please  know that  we hope you’ll continue to develop your academic and professional experience for whatever your future might hold. I sincerely wish you all the best in your future endeavors.

Too Many College Applications

Too Many College Applications November 17 There is indeed a such thing as submitting too many college applications, as a New York Times article illustrates. Is there a such thing as submitting too many college applications, you ask? There was an article a couple of days ago in The New York Times entitled Applications by the Dozen, as Anxious Seniors Hedge College Bets written by Ariel Kaminer that we figured wed bring to the attention of our readers. Featured in the article is a high school senior named Alex Velora who submitted 18 applications way ahead of schedule. Figuring that wasnt enough, she decided to send in 11 more. Thats right. In all, Ms. Velora submitted 29 applications. So what do you think that we at Ivy Coach have to say to that? Its good, right? Shes improving her odds of admission by spreading out, by applying to so many schools, right? Wrong, wrong, wrong. Submitting applications to 29 schools is absolutely absurd. But we cant say it any better than a director of college counseling at a school in Texas, Marie Bigham said, as quoted in The New York Times:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"You can’t be a competitive, strong applicant without demonstrating interest, and you can’t do that at 25 schools. Ms. Bigham is absolutely right. Think about it like this. You go on 29 dates. How can you possibly keep up with all of the text messaging that ensues or doesnt ensue after your dates? How can you keep track of the biographical information of all of your dates? How can you even remember their names? Quite simply, you cant. Youre not going to find your Prince Charming by going on 29 dates back to back. Thats just foolish if you ask us. And the same rule applies to highly selective college admission. Highly selective colleges want students who want them. You cant possibly write 29 Why College essays that have any specificity about the college. Thats right that essay about Penns  beautiful campus cannot be submitted to Yale. Top colleges know when you simply replace the word Penn with Yale. Youre not fooling anybody. Not even yourself. And how can you visit all of these schools? How can you possibly convincingly lead highly selective colleges to believe that theyre really your first choice? You cant. Ms. Velora made a major mistake and a bigger mistake was having her mistake be featured in The New York Times. Now all of the colleges she applied to all 29 of them know theyre not particularly special to her. And, needless to say, shes not special to them.

Too Many College Applications

Too Many College Applications November 17 There is indeed a such thing as submitting too many college applications, as a New York Times article illustrates. Is there a such thing as submitting too many college applications, you ask? There was an article a couple of days ago in The New York Times entitled Applications by the Dozen, as Anxious Seniors Hedge College Bets written by Ariel Kaminer that we figured wed bring to the attention of our readers. Featured in the article is a high school senior named Alex Velora who submitted 18 applications way ahead of schedule. Figuring that wasnt enough, she decided to send in 11 more. Thats right. In all, Ms. Velora submitted 29 applications. So what do you think that we at Ivy Coach have to say to that? Its good, right? Shes improving her odds of admission by spreading out, by applying to so many schools, right? Wrong, wrong, wrong. Submitting applications to 29 schools is absolutely absurd. But we cant say it any better than a director of college counseling at a school in Texas, Marie Bigham said, as quoted in The New York Times:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"You can’t be a competitive, strong applicant without demonstrating interest, and you can’t do that at 25 schools. Ms. Bigham is absolutely right. Think about it like this. You go on 29 dates. How can you possibly keep up with all of the text messaging that ensues or doesnt ensue after your dates? How can you keep track of the biographical information of all of your dates? How can you even remember their names? Quite simply, you cant. Youre not going to find your Prince Charming by going on 29 dates back to back. Thats just foolish if you ask us. And the same rule applies to highly selective college admission. Highly selective colleges want students who want them. You cant possibly write 29 Why College essays that have any specificity about the college. Thats right that essay about Penns  beautiful campus cannot be submitted to Yale. Top colleges know when you simply replace the word Penn with Yale. Youre not fooling anybody. Not even yourself. And how can you visit all of these schools? How can you possibly convincingly lead highly selective colleges to believe that theyre really your first choice? You cant. Ms. Velora made a major mistake and a bigger mistake was having her mistake be featured in The New York Times. Now all of the colleges she applied to all 29 of them know theyre not particularly special to her. And, needless to say, shes not special to them.

Roles And Roles Of Gender Roles Essay - 985 Words

Roles in gender has to be determined before we are even born. Once a child’s sex is revealed, he or she will be placed into certain roles. Before we are even determined to be a male or female, we received 23 chromosomes from each parent. Of the 46 chromosomes, 45 are unisex. It is not determined until the six week which chromosome takes over and determines the sex of the child. As children get older, it becomes noticeable the differences that occur. It has been shown that women will mature quicker than men. A woman will develop their puberty about two years before a man. Also, they will live about five years longer than a male. As men and women entering early adulthood, certain physical and emotional aspects become prevalent. In women, after reaching an orgasm, they can become sexually aroused almost instantaneously. In a saddening statistic, men are four times likely to commit suicide and exhibit alcohol disorders. In males, aggression is more likely to be showed in a physica l manner, whereas a female will likely to spread gossip instead showing a physical aggression. By the age of 11 in females and 12 in males, it is shown that women will start to exhibit feelings in a sexual manner earlier than a male. As the body changes, characteristics become noticeable. In nonproductive traits in females, they develop in their breasts and in the hips. As for males, they start to develop facial hair and a noticeable drop in the voice. Culture plays in what type of rolesShow MoreRelatedGender Roles And Gender Role844 Words   |  4 PagesGender Roles can be defined as roles society expects people to play on account of their sex life. Like all roles, gender roles are made up of sets of expectations, so they can be thought of as sets of expirations, so they can be thought of as sets of expectation that are attached to sex.(pp: 220 John E. Farley Michael W. Flota). The key word gender role affects me personally because as recent graduate of high school it’s time for me to go into the real world, of working class gender role of theRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role Essay784 Words   |  4 Pagessession, I will discuss the gender roles in my family. The definition of gender role is the degree to which a person adopts the gender-specific behaviors ascribed by his or her culture (Matsumoto, D. R., Juang 2013, 156). For example, traditional gender roles recommend that males are aggressive, angry, and unemotional. It goes further and explains that the male should leave the home every day to make a living and be the main wage earner. The traditional gender role for the female purpose is toRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role1370 Words   |  6 PagesEach gender will have different ways they should live their life in order to stay within their gender role. Some will meet the expectations and other will not. That does not make them look le ss of their gender, they will just be expected to meet them. Over the years, some gender roles have submerged and others have risen above. They will be able to show how the gender roles are supposed to be in jobs, education, and marriage and also how they can benefit from stepping out of the gender roles. GrowingRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role Essay1385 Words   |  6 PagesOF SUBMISSION Gender roles Introduction Gender is set of characteristics that may be used to differentiate between female and male through the use of one’s gender or through gender identity therefore. Gender role can be considered as the hypothetical construct in humanities and in many social sciences referring to a set of behavioral and social norms which in a particular culture may be largely regarded to be socially appropriate for individuals of a particular sex, gender roles vary from variousRead MoreGender Roles : Gender Role Play Essay1226 Words   |  5 PagesGender role play is the concept of young children partaking in a form of play that already sets them within a specific gender role, for example, a girl pretending to be a mother or a girl partaking in a â€Å"pink-collar† job such as nursing, teaching etc. This form of play can be seen within make-believe play. Though this topic can be tricky to study, due to the fact children in general can be tricky to observe, it is incredibly relevant due to the fact play in general has a huge effect on childrenRead MoreThe Role Of Roles Of The Formation And Development Of Gender Roles959 Words   |  4 Pages Although environment does play an important role in the formation and development of gender roles, it is not the only influence of gender roles. Biology also plays an important part in the determination of gender roles. In 1978, Braggio et al gathered data on the topic of cross specie observational study on the comparisons of the behavior of children, juvenile chimpanzees, and juvenile orangutans (Jarvis 269). The results showed a consistency of males performing a higher RT (physically vigorousRead MoreGender Roles And Male Roles1496 Words   |  6 PagesMales and Female Roles Males and females have important roles in society. They have different roles to play in modern society. In the past, men and women generally had their own roles to fulfill. These traditional gender roles were the normal back and still observed today. Gender roles are the roles that men and women are expected to occupy based on their sex. In today’s society the norm in gender roles are challenge. The traditional view of the gender role decided that women should behave in waysRead MoreGender Roles And Leadership Roles849 Words   |  4 Pagespercent of male raters, and rating source affect how effective leaders of different genders are seen to be. Their analysis was based on Role Congruity Theory. This theory states that male gender roles and leadership roles are congruent, while female gender roles and leadership roles are not congruent. For this theory, women in leadership positions get disapproval because they are not follow their female gender roles. The researchers found that, while the difference was not significant, men were seenRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role Conflict1769 Words   |  8 Pagesself-reliance. 1.2 Gender Role Conflict As can be seen in the research, when men strongly adhere to restrictive male gender roles and expectations of behaviour, there can be a conflict between what they feel is acceptable for them to do, and what may be most helpful for them to do, for example ‘toughing it out’ versus visiting a doctor. The concept of gender role conflict was first developed by James O Neil in the early 1980’s as a part of his research into why the socialized gender roles of men causedRead MoreThe Role Of Socialization And Gender Roles852 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTIOn tell me what you are focussing on†¦..family and theirgender roles Socialisation is the process by which a child learns to respect his or her environmental laws such as norms, values and customs. Socialisation helps the infant gradually become self-aware and a knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which he or she is born. Children within the primary socialisation of the family learn a great deal from parents and other care givers such as grandparents, grandmothers

High-Performance Teams - 1225 Words

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explain how a group can become a high-performance team. The purpose is also to examine the impact of demographic characteristics and cultural diversity on group behavior. This paper will illustrate how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to or detract from high-performance teams. High-Performance Teams A high-level of performance makes up the basis for groups and teams today. High-performance is a major focus for many organizations since group and teams have become more common among organizations. High-performance teams are teams that get together for a specific and important task. For a group to become a high-performance team, the team needs to be able to use their†¦show more content†¦Sometimes diversity also includes such factors as marital status, parental status, and religion (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn, 2005). Diversity in the workplace is a topic that many industries and organizations spend an abundant amount of time and training on in order to ensure its presence. A company must value diversity. The main objectives of valuing diversity include awareness, education, and positive recognition of the differences among people in the workforce. Recognizing cultural diversity will affect group behavior in a positive way and contribute to the inf luence of building high-performance teams. Organizations are increasingly emphasizing group work or teamwork as a source of competitive advantage in a diverse workforce (Aghazadeh, 2004). The success of an organization depends on the workforce of the organization. By using demography, managers can learn how to handle the needs or concerns of people of different genders, ethnicities, etc (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn, 2005). Cultural diversity has an impact on the interaction process and performance in teams (Saji, 2004). A diverse team or workforce gives companies a competitive advantage by enabling them to better meet the needs of their customers, successfully compete in the global marketplace, and hire from an expanded labor pool. Managing diversity involves the creation of an open, supportive, and responsive company in which diversity is acknowledged and valued byShow MoreRelatedHigh Performance Teams966 Words   |  4 PagesHigh Performance Teams Whether through sports, business, or family, nearly everyone has at one time or another has been part of a team. Teams are every where and if one plans on succeeding in business in today s workforce, they need to get used to it as it appears that teams are here to stay. Not every team though is productive. Very often teams end up performing poorly or result in internal conflict that gets out oh hand to the point that nothing gets done. Organizations both small and largeRead MoreHigh Performance Teams2714 Words   |  11 Pagesindividual work assignments to a combination of manager-led and self-directing teams. These businesses are relying on groups of unique individuals to come together and work on a common goal with a shared purpose. The ultimate goal for these teams are to produce more than what the individuals could do separately. In order for those teams to accomplish this, they must become high performance teams. High performance teams consist of a small number of individuals with complementary skills, who are committedRead MoreEssay High Performance Teams701 Words   |  3 Pagesmanagers may be having in establishing self-directed, high-performing teams Some of the difficulties that managers may have when establishing self-directed, high- performance teams is that the team is not provided with a vision and directions. High performance teams are psychologically bound together by the team goals they work which help them to achieve their future aspirations. The manager is the team leader and should guide the team in the right direction. This vision can be articulatedRead MoreHigh Performance Team Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pageshow a team/group can become a high-performance team/group, examine the demographic characteristics and culture diversity and the impact on the team/group behavior. I will also describe how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to or detract from high-performance groups or teams. What is a team/group? A team/group is a group of people who form together to complete a mutual goal such as a presentation, paper, discussing a topic or creating a new design. How does a team/groupRead More High Performance Team Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesHigh-Performance Team Abstract This paper will explain how a group within an organization becomes a high-performance team. It will also examine the impact of demographic characteristics and cultural diversity on group behavior. The paper will try to describe how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to, or detract from high-performance teams. Introduction There are a number of elements that are necessary for the creation of any team. These include: two or moreRead MoreDeveloping High Performance Team2374 Words   |  10 PagesDeveloping a High Performance Team Purpose: In today’s industries, companies demand a kind of responsiveness, speed, and quality that is beyond the reach of individual performance. High performance teams generate commitment and provide the structures that inspire employees to give their very best effort. Compared to employees working alone, teams make better decisions, products, and services. Companies rely on team’s ability to perform at high levels and quickly adapt to escalating demandsRead MoreGroups and High-Performance Teams1617 Words   |  7 Pagesof a high-performing team. Effective leaders are able to assemble a high-performance team with good hierarchical balance, measurable and attainable goals, and appropriate communication expectations across the team. They promptly address conflict resolutions and break down all physical barriers in managing multi-city offices and dispersed employees. By paying close attention to team demographics and diversity, good leaders will establish a solid gro up foundation which will result in a high-performanceRead MoreLeading High-Performance Teams Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesLeading high-performance teams The team working is an important concept of the society wherein few people work together towards a common goal. In American culture, working in teams often considered contrary. Marvin Weisbord, author and organizational development expert, mentioned that, â€Å"Teamwork is the quintessential contradiction of a society grounded in individual achievement.† Still building, leading and organizing successful teams considered as a critical leadership task. It is alwaysRead MoreBuilding a High Performance Project Team2988 Words   |  12 PagesBUILDING A HIGH PERFORMANCE PROJECT TEAM - A key success factor in project management By : Kofi Amoakohene MS Operations Project Management Executive Summary Project management in today’s challenging economy requires collaborative effort across an organization. Project managers are expected to make the most out of their team regardless of its composition. Therefore, unless the group operates as a high performance team, the project will not successfully balance the trade-offRead MoreTeam Work and High Performance Organization21591 Words   |  87 PagesTeamwork and high performance work organisation Introduction Defining teamwork High performance workplace organisation Scope of study Incidence of teamwork Teamwork and autonomy Impact of teamwork on learning environment Job satisfaction Negative consequences of teamwork Organisational environment Conclusion References Annex 1: Sample survey questions Annex 2: Survey sources This report is available in electronic format only. Wyattville Road, Loughlinstown, Dublin 18, Ireland

The Importance of Setting in The Yellow Wall-Paper by...

The Importance of Setting in The Yellow Wall-Paper by Charlotte Gilman In the short story The Yellow Wall-Paper, by Charlotte Gilman, the setting contributes to the narrators insanity. When she first sees the house, she loves it. She thinks the house will be a perfect place to recover from her nervous condition, but that does not happen because her husband confines her to the bedroom so that her health will improve. The narrators mental illness deteriorates to the point of insanity due to her isolation in the bedroom, with only the yellow wallpaper to look at that she considers repellent, almost revolting; a smoldering unclean yellow,strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight (106). At the beginning of the story,†¦show more content†¦She said the following: I wish I could get well faster. But I must not think about that. This paper looks to me as if it knew what a vicious influence it had! There is a recurrent spot where the pattern lolls like a broken neck and two bulbous eyes stare at you upside down. I get positively angry with the impertinence of it and the everlastingness. Up and down and sideways they crawl, and those absurd, unblinking eyes are everywhere. There is one place where two breadths didnt match, and the eyes go all up and down the line, one a little higher than the other. (107) The narrator is being forced to stay in her room, and since there is nothing else to do, she starts looking for a pattern in the wallpaper. She begins to see faces in the wallpaper, and it appears that the narrators nervous condition has grown into something more serious. Shortly after this occurs, she begins to see complete human figures in the wallpaper. This wall-paper has a kind of sub-pattern in a different shade, a particularly irritating one, for you can only see it in certain lights, and not clearly then. But in the places where it isnt faded and where the sun is just so--I can see a strange, provoking, formless sort of figure, that seems to skulk about behind that silly and conspicuous front design (108). The narrator continues to regress. Her rational thinking is being replaced more and more with ramblings about the wallpaper. Since she is not really allowed toShow MoreRelatedSymbolism of the Setting of The Yellow Wallpaper1198 Words   |  5 PagesVolpe 1 Marissa Volpe Prof. Baker ENC 1102 4/10/14 Symbolism In The Gothic Setting of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Gothic literature is incredibly distinct. There is a sort of formula involved with writing in the Gothic style, and one of the most important aspects of this is the setting, which can include anything from the architecture of the buildings to the color of the leaves on the trees. The setting of a story is a vital element, as it would seem to be that the most effective way of drawing Read MoreAnalysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1269 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2017 Analysis of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Life during the 1800s for a woman was rather distressing. Society had essentially designated them the role of being a housekeeper and bearing children. They had little to no voice on how they lived their daily lives. Men decided everything for them. To clash with society s conventional views is a challenging thing to do; however, Charlotte Perkins Gilman does an excellent job fighting that battle by writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† one of the most captivatingRead More The Yellow Wallpaper1466 Words   |  6 PagesWhen looking at two nineteenth century works of change for two females in an American society, Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Stephen Crane come to mind. A feminist socialist and a realist novelist capture moments that make their readers rethink life and the world surrounding. Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was first published in 1892, about a white middle-class woman who was confined to an upstairs room by her husband and doctor, the roomâ€⠄¢s wallpaper imprisons her and as well as liberates herselfRead MoreUse Of Setting And Symbolism Of The Works Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman And Robert Frost1424 Words   |  6 Pagesworks of Charlotte Perkins-Gilman and Robert Frost that we’ve read in class use setting and symbolism to help readers to develop a greater understanding of the nature of relationships develop a greater understanding of the nature of relationships between two people. Gilman, Frost, and Edson use setting to demonstrate the strain that can exist between people in times of conflict. In Gilman s short story The Yellow Wallpaper the relationship between a man and a women displayed distressed. Gilman s useRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1996 Words   |  8 Pagesand the winner is Charlotte Perkins Gilman with ‘The Yellow Wallpaper.’ ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ is a short story that emphasises a young woman struggling with the negative impacts of mental illness such as depression and nervous breakdowns. Through the fantastic use of repetition, convoluted sentence design, sophisticated language, active voice and evocative accounts of her surroundings, Gilman effectively plays with the feelings and emotions of the audience by creating a setting in which has jumpingRead MoreExamples Of Feminism In The Yellow Wallpaper1089 Words   |  5 PagesWomen were seen more as property and were merely useless if they c ould not have children. This time period’s society was male dominated. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper† strongly argues the theme of patriarchal control while in a authentic sense defines a feminist critique of the role of women. Gilman does a great example of relating the setting to the oppression of females during this time. Jane tells about the house in saying, â€Å"It is quite alone, standing well back from the roadRead MoreThe Progressive Stages Of Postpartum Depression1392 Words   |  6 Pagesmuch more exciting now than it used to be†(Yellow Wallpaper.) Defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Depression: a state of feeling sad. Simple, right? Dead wrong. Clinical depression is one of the leading psychological disorders in the US, affecting over 17.5 million Americans.(Washington) Amongst the many forms of depression, there is postpartum depression, a more uncommon one. Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Gilman, is a paper in which Charlotte Gilman tells a fictionalized version of her experienceRead More Importance of Symbolism and Setting in The Yellow Wallpaper2046 Words   |  9 PagesImportance of Symbolism and Setting in The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚   In the disturbing novel, The Yellow Wallpaper, the setting in which the action takes place is extremely important. The author uses setting to focus the reader’s attention into the story in a gradual manner. Also, the manipulation of setting allows the author to subtly introduce symbols in the text. These symbols represent Gilman’s view on the status of women in the patriarchal society of the nineteenth century. The story takesRead MoreThe Yellow Wall Paper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman900 Words   |  4 PagesPaper Three and Three Elements of Fiction The Yellow Wall-Paper was a short story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the year of 1892. In this story we are inside the mind of a lady who is suffering from a nervous disorder and is prescribed the â€Å"rest cure† by her physician husband. They go stay at a colonial mansion which she doesn’t like very much and there she is to just rest without no interaction with society and not even allowed to write in her journal. In the room she stays in she isRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper Essay : Importance Of Identity And Self Expression1707 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Identity and Self Expression in The Yellow Wallpaper In the article â€Å"‘Too Terribly Good to Be Printed’: Charlotte Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper,’† Conrad Shumaker explains the genius of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and how its themes reflect the patriarchal society of the time period. Shumaker identifies one theme as the detriment of suppressing the narrator’s sense of self and that â€Å"by trying to ignore and repress her imagination, in short, John eventually brings about the very circumstance

The Problem Of The Obesity Epidemic - 1950 Words

Today nearly 60% of America s population is overweight, a statistic that s only growing. More and more children are abandoning traditional forms of exercise for video games, television and other forms of a rapidly expanding simulated reality. Too many Americans today are more concerned with social media and popular culture than what s going on in their neighborhoods and in the country we all call home. People are losing touch with their own realities. Furthering this argument of a lost touch with reality comes the notion and expectation things come easily and anything requiring hard work or discipline is voided unnecessary, which I believe is a side-effect of technology. The obesity epidemic has drawn considerable attention from policymakers, and while new policy initiatives to address the issue are already underway, new policy initiatives are not enough and are likely going to overlook the simple truth. Technology is a major culprit behind this nation’s obesity epidemic. Cell phones, video games and 600 television channels are making kids gain weight, and there is no easy way to solve the issue, other than to get off your couch, pick up a salad instead of a slice of pizza and get active. The continuing expansion of America s waistline has pushed obesity to the top of the list of major health problems in the United States. Although obesity is currently a hot topic among policy movers and shakers, it is certainly not a new issue and has been a topic of concern since theShow MoreRelatedObesity A Social Problem Or A Epidemic1671 Words   |  7 Pageswill be responding to Task 3: OBESITY A SOCIAL PROBLEM OR A EPIDEMIC. In the research that I performed on this topic, I learned many things, including that the problem of obesity is not one or the other it is both. Meaning that it is not just a social problem, or just an epidemic it is both of them depending on the environment or situation that the particular person or people are in at the time. It is also not just a problem in the United States, but it is a problem on a global scale. I plan to presentRead MoreObesity : Becoming An Epidemic Problem Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pagesoverweight was the careless path I chose to g o at the time, until I decided to lose weight and start eating right, staying active and being aware. It completely changed my views on the serious epidemic problem we face today in the united states with obesity. Obesity has become an epidemic problem in the U.S. Obesity is the  condition  of  being  very  fat, The difference between being overweight and being obese is that being overweight means that a person is above a weight that is considered normal and healthyRead MoreObesity A Social Problem Or A Epidemic1670 Words   |  7 Pagesproposal will be responding to Task 3: OBESITY A SOCIAL PROBLEM OR A EPIDEMIC. In the research that I performed on this topic, I learned many things, including that the problem of obesity is not one or the other it is both. Meaning that it is not just a social problem, or just an epidemic, it is both of them depend on the environment or situation that the particular person or people are in at the time. It is also not just a problem in the United States, but it is a problem on a global scale. I plan to presentRead MoreThe Problem Of The Global Obesity Epidemic Essay928 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept of weight is at the forefront of the majority of soci ety’s mind when approached with the abstract idea of what it means to be â€Å"healthy†. It is often viewed as an indicator to determine which people are of good health, and which are not. With obesity rates increasing over the past decade, much fascination surrounds the topic due to the fact that it is believed to be one of the few aspects of health that society may control themselves. While people may not be able to completely control whetherRead MoreObesity Epidemic : A Growing Problem Within Our Population861 Words   |  4 Pages The obesity epidemic Americans face today is a growing problem within our population. With serious health issues associated with obesity, it is a problem that needs to be addressed and changed. While fast foods have been around for a long time, many people claim that fast food places are to blame. Each day people turn to fast food for a quick meal, wether it is breakfast, lunch, dinner, or even snacks. As fast foods begin to expand an d progress throughout the world, people especially in the UnitedRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Is A Problem Underlying The World s Population2019 Words   |  9 Pages The obesity epidemic is a problem underlying the world’s population and has only gotten worse over the decades. The processed food industry has almost conditioned the human mind to believe that the information they provide is genuine. Using various different techniques, the processed food industry has worked its way into the everyday life of most. It is very important that society takes into careful consideration the dangers of processed food, and are made aware of how the industry in a sense,Read MoreObesity : An Epidemic And One Of America s Most Challenging Public Health Problems889 Words   |  4 Pagesthe semester. Which includes; The Common Challenges to a Healthy Lifestyle, Marital Expectations, and Income. OBESITY As a little girl I have always struggled with my weight, and I continuously stayed active because of the factors faced against me (i.e., genetics, socioeconomic status). Obesity has been called an epidemic and one of America’s â€Å"most challenging public health problems† (Mason 300). The percentage of obese Americans has more than doubled since 1980, with more dramatic increases foundRead MoreShould We Assign Personal Responsibility For Obesity Epidemic?1649 Words   |  7 PagesShould we assign personal responsibility for obesity epidemic? Obesity is a growing threat to public health in the World and in the United States. Since 1960, the prevalence of obesity increased twice in the United States. According to a latest report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  on November 11, 2015 obesity rates among U.S. adults increased from 30 % in 2003 to 36.5 % in 2011-2014. The estimated annual health care costs of obesity-related illness is approximately $190 billionRead MoreChildhood Obesity: A Gowing Problem Around the World649 Words   |  3 PagesObesity is a growing problem all around the world for far too many children. Obesity means a person has too much body fat. Body fat is measured by a person’s body mass index. When one is measuring a person’s body mass index, they are finding their height and body weight then comparing it to the recommendations made by doctors for each age and gender. After doctors calculate it, they then find a percentile rank to determine present and future health issues. Around the world, childhood obesity hasRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic : Obesity Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe obesity epidemic proves to be an issue in America and continues to grow with time. In simple terms, obesity is a disorder where the subject has increasing amounts of fat, leading to health problems in the future. This epidemic has steadily increased in American bodies for decades and researchers have tried to find the root causes of this problem. Though there is controversy as to what is the primary cause of this rising epidemic, it is clear that there are many factors that contribute to the

Medieval society and contemporary times Free Essays

The Dark or Middle Age is usually the time that stretches from year 400 to 1000 which, historically speaking, points us to the European Early Middle Ages. The Italian scholar Francesco Petrarca coined the idea of a dark age. Though it was originally projected as a comprehensive critique of the nature of Latin literature in later times, later historians stretched the concept to contain not only the insufficiency of Latin literature but also a lack of present-day written historical accounts and material cultural achievements in the larger context. We will write a custom essay sample on Medieval society and contemporary times or any similar topic only for you Order Now The term itself has been further enlarged by popular culture as a means to clearly illustrate the Middle Ages as an age reeking of backwardness, lengthening its pejorative practice and increasing its span. In the 20th century, the consequent emergence of archaeology and other related field in the sciences has removed much dust on the period and provided a more nuanced comprehension of its positive and contributory advancements. Other expressions of periodization were put forward: the Early Middle Ages, Late Antiquity, and the Great Migrations, depending on what fraction of culture is being highlighted. Petrarca noted that even though Classical Antiquity lacked the sense of Christianity it nevertheless had much of advancement in terms of culture whereas in Petrarca’s time was now labeled as the age of darkness because of the lapse in such cultural achievements. Two periods in history were observed and written by Petrarca: the Greek and Roman classical period trailed by an age of darkness in which Petrarca saw himself as still existing. The Roman Empire is believed by humanists to rise again one day and bring back classic cultural stainlessness. The promotion of classical culture championed as an ideological campaign by humanists was the beginning foundation of the concept of the European Dark Ages, and was for that reason not a neutral historical examination. It was conceived to convey disapproval and dissatisfaction of one period in time and the endorsement of another. Humanists such as Leonardo Bruni believed they had attained this new age during the late 14th and early 15th century, and that a third, Modern Age had commenced. With Petrarca labeling their age as â€Å"dark†, the age before their own had in effect become a â€Å"middle† age sandwiched between the classic and the modern. Around 1439, the first use of the term â€Å"Middle Age† appears with Flavio Biondo. The very definition of feudalism calls for the use of many qualifiers primarily because there is no broadly established agreement of what it stands for. A working definition is desirable in order for one to start to comprehend feudalism. During the middle ages, the idea of Feudalism points to a general and broad set of reciprocal legal and military obligations and responsibilities among the warrior nobility of Europe which revolved around the three major concepts of vassals, fiefs, and lords and on how these three crucial elements fit together inn the society. A lord was a noble who possessed land, a vassal was an individual who was permitted or rewarded custody of the land by the lord, and the land was branded as a fief. The vassal would present military service and assistance to the lord in exchange for the fief. Thus, the very obligations and connected relations between lord, vassal and fief form the structural basis of feudalism. The lord should have to make a certain individual a vassal before the former could grant the fief to the latter. Composed of the two-part act of homage and oath of fealty, this was practiced at a formal and symbolic ritual called a commendation ceremony. The vassal would give his word to battle in the side of and for the lord at his command during homage. Fealty is rooted from the Latin fidelitas, or faithfulness. Hence, the oath of fealty is seen to be a promise that the vassal will be faithful and devoted to the lord. The lord and vassal were now in a feudal relationship with agreed-upon mutual obligations to one another right after the completion of the commendation. Granting a fief, or its revenues, to the vassal is one of the lord’s major obligations in a feudal system inasmuch as the fief is primary reason as to why the vassal preferred to engage himself into the relationship with the lord. Moreover, the lord from time to time had to accomplish other responsibilities to the vassal and fief which includes, among other else, the maintenance of such a relationship. It was still the lord’s responsibility to sustain and keep the land in good condition since the lord had not given the land away but merely loaned it to the vassal while the latter had the privilege to amass revenues produced from the fief. The protection of the land and the vassal from harm is another rightful responsibility of the lord. On the other hand, the core obligation of the vassal towards the lord was to impart â€Å"aid† mostly in the form of military service through the utilization of available equipment the vassal could get hold of through the revenues generated from the fief. In essence, the vassal was responsible to take heed of the calls for the service in the military on lord’s behalf. It is quite notable that this guarantee and protection of military assistance was the ultimate motivation the lord preferred to form a junction with the vassal into the feudal relationship. Likewise, the vassal also had to fulfill other obligations to the lord from time to time which includes providing the lord with â€Å"counsel† so that the lord, when faced a major decision, would summon all his vassals and hold a council. One common illustration to this is when the lord had to decide whether or not to go to war. Moreover, the vassal may have been mandated to offer a consented quantity of his farm’s produce to his lord, and that the vassal was occasionally prescribed to grind his wheat in the mills and bake his bread in the ovens owned and taxed by his lord. During the medieval times, there was a conception of three orders in the medieval society. These three can be briefly identified as those who work or the peasants, those who fight or the warring class, and those who pray or the members of the clergy. For the most part, the peasants provide the manpower in the upkeep or maintenance of the whole system through their labor in the fields and other economic institutions within the feudal system in the middle ages. These are the men and women who comprise the bulk of the system who toil not only to sustain their existence in the smaller scale but also to provide the necessary development of the system right at its very foundation. The estate of warriors in the system naturally has the obligation of fulfilling the task of protecting the system from outside invasion which may root from other systems in its proximity, or from internal disputes which may range from the peasant class up to the nobles. Their role is crucial in the sense that their responsibility is crucial to the safekeeping of the entire system by regulating the possibility of intrusion which can inevitably lead to the collapse of the ruling men and of the feudal system in general. Lastly, the clergymen were tasked to look after the spiritual life of the people within the medieval manor. A few of these duties include the administration of the needed sacraments with steadiness and to function as an ideological guardian of the ruling order, the absolution men and women from their sins through confession, and proclaiming secular and ecclesiastical pronouncements. In essence, the function of the clergymen in the medieval village was well beyond the ordinary functions of peasants and of the warriors for the reason that it was the village priest with whom medieval men and women identified the Church, reflecting its teachings, and authority as an utmost concern of the medieval people within the system. Apparently, there are strands of similarities which can be observed from this class distinction between the medieval times and the contemporary generation. For the most part, the contemporary age also has within it counterparts of the medieval clergymen (priests in the Roman Catholic Church or elders in several other religious faiths), peasants (the modern working man and woman), and warriors (the military forces of nations). However, the structure of the contemporary society does not merely revolve around this three classes. Quite on the contrary, the contemporary society has a bounty of classes from which the structure of almost every nation is reflected. We now have, among other things, Non-Government Organizations which seems not be fit in any of the medieval classes. In a society based on class hierarchy, it is expected that roles are quite distinct and the functioning of every individual is separate from those of the rest. Roughly speaking, the hierarchy of classes entails the supremacy of one over the other in both economic and social terms where the distribution of power and obligations are directly proportional the attainment of classes. To live in a hierarchy is to basically involve oneself in a system where tasks are delegated accordingly depending on the roles imminent to the class one might fall under. In contemporary society, there is a striking and undeniable existence of a hierarchy which is based on several factors such as economic, legal, and political elements to name a few. References Maliszewski, James, Lisa J. Steele, and C. A. Suleiman. Dark Ages: Europe. 160 vols: White Wolf Publishing, 2002. Russell, Frederick H. The Just War in the Middle Ages. New Ed ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. How to cite Medieval society and contemporary times, Essay examples

Business Perspectives Corporate Entrepreneurship

Question: Discuss about the Business Perspectives for Corporate Entrepreneurship. Answer: Introduction Developing a business in the market and working under a reputed company in the desired designation is considered as the beginning of the career growth of a person. I always wanted to be an entrepreneur that requires a lot of experience, confidence and information regarding the area of business I want to develop. Currently, I am working in a multinational retail company as an executive of the designing department. I am a knowledge seeker, hence I want to grab knowledge from my field of work and want to utilise whatever opportunities coming in my career life. The courses of GB500 are helping me in gaining a wider perspective of business while developing ideas regarding venturing my own business in the coming years. I have gained the fact that having an idea of opening a new business is not enough. It requires a proper planning of opening a proper business in the market. The study will describe the benefits of the learning courses in my present field of work. It will also describe about my critical reflections in the applications of ideas that I have learned from the course and from my workplace while venturing my own business. However, I want to open my own venture in the sector of fashion and retail that will be dealing with manufacturing and selling garments for men, women and fashion accessories. Implementation of the ideas that I have learned from the course will possibly help me out in developing the thinking of my business in future. Critical Reflection and Changes I can say that before entering the course of GB500, my views regarding business and entrepreneurship was different. However, after joining the course, my experience regarding my field of work and in the field of entrepreneurship has been gradually developing day by day. I have the habit of gaining knowledge and develop skills and expertise that will help me in the growth of my career. In the initial phase of my career life, I am clueless about things that I want to proceed with in my future career life. My academic courses have helped me in gaining theoretical knowledge about various theories and its practical implementation in business, but it was generalize. However, I have managed to figure out that I want to proceed with fashion and retail sector and probably someday, I will open my own venture of selling fashion garments for men and women (McKelvie et al. 2014). I can also admit the fact that, before joining GB500 I have a different perspective of viewing the career I am in. In the multinational company, as an executive in the designing department I am in the responsibility of managing my team that comprises of designing engineers that are into designing trendy fashionable clothes for the company in the particular branch. Managing a team is not an easy task. As this is my first job, hence I need to learn and grab many skills while performing my current role in the company. Managerial skills will help me in solving the queries of the team members and the managing them in progressing with the work (Turr et al. 2014). I can say that the professional course of GB500 is very different from my academic course. It is a professional course, which is helping me in clearing my doubts in the perspective of entrepreneurship as well as in my current field of work. The course is consisted of various current topics and information that an entrepreneur or a manager must know to proceed with the work. An effective professional manager requires an effective knowledge of managing a team with all the leadership and managing attributes of the problems faced by the team members. The managing skills when I have joined this company were not enriched. However, there is a requirement of a professional course regarding entrepreneurship that I have felt while I am doing my current job (Bloodgood et al. 2015). I have felt the essence of starting my own venture of a small and medium enterprise of selling fashion accessories and garments for men and women. I have also find difference in the levels of expertise that I have learned while pursuing my academic courses and pursuing my career in the organization as a manager in the designing department. The roles and responsibilities of mine changes from one situation to another in the perspective of different situat ions based on the team members issues in the workplace (Sahut and Peris-Ortiz 2014). The environment of the workplace is very different from that of academic institutions. Hence, there are many attitudes and behaviour that I am learning in my workplace for becoming a successful person in my designated job role. My knowledge about the concept of entrepreneurship is incomplete as there are many things to learn if I want to open my own venture in the coming years. I need to learn many things both by conducting a thorough research and from my workplace for providing a success in my plan. The zeal of learning new things and giving a success to my entrepreneurial plan have pushed me in joining the course of GB500, that have all the essential information of running a business and the various strategies adopted by business leaders in their companies (Nason et al. 2015). Critical Reflection on application to future roles and workplace The decision of entering GB500 course is to fulfill my aspires and desire of opening a new retail venture in the market. To increase my knowledge, I have joined the entrepreneurial cell and the leadership development program inaugurated by my company. Apart from my field of work, I usually keep myself engage in many activities that will help me in developing my skills and expertise both in professional life and personal life. A sound balance of personal and professional life is necessary in order to make the entrepreneurial idea fruitful in the coming years. I can say that the courses in GB500 are very helpful in developing my expertise and grooming me for becoming a better individual. There are various types of theoretical frameworks such as PESTEL analysis, Porters generic strategies, Porters diamond model, Porters five forces, value chain analysis, SWOT analysis, Gap analysis, external analysis, etc are mentioned in the study with their theoretical description along with implement ation in the real business scenario. Apart from that, there are many other theoretical concepts strategic management decision making, value creation, strategic development, corporate strategy, business strategy, external market analysis, internal market analysis, employee management, basic human resources, etc. are clearly mentioned in the GB500 course that will be helping me in the progress of opening the entrepreneurial venture in the market (Kuratko et al. 2015). The study has helped me in gaining knowledge not only in venturing new business but also it will help me in developing my current role as a manager in the designing department of the multinational organization. The strategy building process along with the knowledge of various entry modes of business helped me in knowing the current position of my company in different parts of the world. As I have already told earlier that my company has its presence in different countries of the world, now I am keen to learn how my country opts for various modes of entry while entering a country (Karimi and Walter 2016). What are the factors my company is following while starting a new branch in a company or other miscellaneous aspects. GB500 helped me in gaining the theoretical knowledge of these concepts. On the other hand, my job helped me in learning the pros and cons of different strategies they are adopting in progressing their business operations in different parts of the country as well as in different countries of the world (Kuratko et al. 2014). The field of entrepreneurship is not an easy thing to do. To become an entrepreneur a person must possess some characteristics and attributes. Apart from that, a sound knowledge of the different attributes and knowledge about the particular sector of the industry is essential which I am gaining. The learning experience from the course has helped me in acquiring knowledge about the process of conducting a thorough market research about the particular field of entrepreneurship. After conducting the research, SWOT analysis will be done for both the external and internal market analysis. It will help me to understand the strength, opportunities along with threats and weakness of the external market and the internal market. The topic of innovation and developing business model is mentioned in the learning course of GB500 that I think is very important while running a business in a particular region (Hsu et al. 2015). It is seen that most of the companies in the world irrespective of sectors are driven by innovation as a part of their product development strategy and formulating business model. I have heard of only innovation, but the course has made me understand the types of innovation and the implementation of innovation in the business. It can be said that fashion and retail industry is volatile in nature. The industry runs on innovation. As I am working in the designing department, I have seen people who are coming up with latest exclusive designs for the garments and accessories that are sold by my company. Fast fashion requires innovation in a very fast pace. I will implement this knowledge in my business of fashion and retail (Hornsby et al. 2013). Apart from that, some other personal development skills that I have gained through this course and I am successfully implementing these in my workplace. The skills are effective communication skills and general presentation skills. Before joining the class of GB500, I was not so much confident of my presentation skills as I thought that I am lacking sufficient information and knowledge that is responsible for creating a sense of inferiority among me (Chen et al. 2015). My communication skills have been improved when I gained a confidence after joining the leadership development organized by my company and continuous efforts of my supervisor. The general skills of delivering a presentation are confidence and effective communication skills that I have learned from my supervisor and in the course of GB500. Apart from that, course materials of GB500 have provided me knowledge of implementing the presentation skills to the clients for the profile of client acquisition. The convincing powe r is the important skill that is related to the general presentation skills (Behrens and Patzelt 2015). Conclusion The study discusses about the reflection of the learning experiences of GB500 both in the development of my entrepreneurial plan as well as my personal development skills and in my professional development in my field of work. I can say that I have learned many things from the course that is discussed in the study in a detailed manner. The description of the reflection of the learning experiences is critically mentioned in the study so that I can implement it in my present and future field of work. I have researched the fact that I have to learn many things and to change my thinking for becoming an entrepreneur in the fashion world. As I am already working in the fashion industry, I am aware of the level of innovation, business strategy, operational strategy that is required for achieving a successful position in the market. There are high competitions in the market regarding small medium enterprise of fashion retail outlet in the market. Among them, for coping up with the competitiv e nature of the market, the courses of GB500 have helped me. The information of the learning courses is enriched and encompasses various practical experiments that business leaders implement in their activities of entrepreneurship in their businesses. However, it can be mentioned that I have developed communication skills, convincing skills, presentation skills in my course of GB500. The presentation skills are important in terms of convincing the investors, clients of my current designation of work in my company as well as for my new start up in the market. For developing my presentation skills, my supervisor in my company has also helped me in gaining confidence while delivering speech towards huge number of audiences. References Behrens, J. and Patzelt, H., 2015. Corporate Entrepreneurship Managers' Project Terminations: Integrating Portfolio?Level, Individual?Level, and Firm?Level Effects.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Bloodgood, J.M., Hornsby, J.S., Burkemper, A.C. and Sarooghi, H., 2015. A system dynamics perspective of corporate entrepreneurship.Small Business Economics,45(2), pp.383-402. Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Nevo, S., Benitez-Amado, J. and Kou, G., 2015. IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity.Information Management,52(6), pp.643-657. Hornsby, J.S., Kuratko, D.F., Holt, D.T. and Wales, W.J., 2013. Assessing a measurement of organizational preparedness for corporate entrepreneurship.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(5), pp.937-955. Hsu, C.C., Tan, K.C., Jayaram, J. and Laosirihongthong, T., 2014. Corporate entrepreneurship, operations core competency and innovation in emerging economies.International Journal of Production Research,52(18), pp.5467-5483. Karimi, J. and Walter, Z., 2016. Corporate entrepreneurship, disruptive business model innovation adoption, and its performance: The case of the newspaper industry.Long Range Planning,49(3), pp.342-360. Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S. and Covin, J.G., 2014. Diagnosing a firm's internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship.Business Horizons,57(1), pp.37-47. Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S. and Hayton, J., 2015. Corporate entrepreneurship: the innovative challenge for a new global economic reality.Small Business Economics,45(2), pp.245-253. McKelvie, A., McKenny, A., Lumpkin, G. and Short, J.C., 2014. Corporate entrepreneurship in family businesses: Past contributions and future opportunities.SAGE handbook of family business, pp.340-363. Nason, R.S., McKelvie, A. and Lumpkin, G.T., 2015. The role of organizational size in the heterogeneous nature of corporate entrepreneurship.Small Business Economics,45(2), pp.279-304. Sahut, J.M. and Peris-Ortiz, M., 2014. Small business, innovation, and entrepreneurship.Small Business Economics,42(4), pp.663-668. Turr, A., Urbano, D. and Peris-Ortiz, M., 2014. Culture and innovation: The moderating effect of cultural values on corporate entrepreneurship.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,88, pp.360-369.

Capitalistic Government Of US Essay Example For Students

Capitalistic Government Of US Essay We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal,that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, thatamong these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness That to securethese Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powersfrom the Consent of the Governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomesdestructive of these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolishit, and to institute new Government, laying its Foundation on such Principles,and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely toeffect their Safety and Happiness. (Thomas Jefferson, Declaration ofIndependence) When Thomas Jefferson wrote these words, he wrote them with theintent of establishing a new government that would not give anyone favoritismover others. After 224 years, this idea is still believed in by the citizens ofAmerica, but not practiced by their government. As the years passed, the valuesof Amer ica have slowly altered to materialism. The people trusted our governmentto make the best decisions for the entire country, but some decisions seem tofavor the wealthiest citizens rather than all of the citizens. Not to say thatthe government is completely corrupt, but their priorities seem to have amonetary value, and they must pay for it some how. As a country with acapitalist government, one that has the main focus of making profit through freemarkets, money has an unfortunately big influence on policies that are made bythe government. According to the public, which was based on middle-class adultsin the US, business editors and college students, the general consensus came outto be that they believed that capitalism must be altered before anysignificant improvements in human welfare can be realized. This can beseen throughout history in the positions taken by the government about freemarkets, unionization, and . The United States of Americas government ishyper-capitalistic, becau se the markets are freer than in any other country. Weconsume more and are more dependent on working. The markets in the US have notalways been so free. In the beginning we had small markets that people did notdepend so much on because of the fact that they were all farmers andsharecroppers. The existence of slavery was in very recent in history back then. America was not considered a capitalistic country, but instead a feudal onebecause everyone traded and didnt expect monetary compensation for theirproducts. When the goal of production (around the end of the 19th century)changed from being used for exchange to profit, the US began to becomecapitalistic. To establish a definition of capitalism, I shall establish it aswhen goods are produced to be sold; the revenues made are then used to be whatyou need with intent to make a profit in the end. Our capitalistic ways areeffective in the US government because it small enough to allow the businessesto make their own decisions. As the US became industrialized, the need tomass-produce came into effect, and the boom in the labor market began. Theproblem with this is that the freedom of the markets allowed the businesses tomove around as they liked; only when they were knowingly signing a contract werethey forced to make a commitment. Markets dispersed power that kept thegovernment from being able to say anything to the businesses that were makingthe most money in the market. The government decided to not involve itself whenit came to the market, even though they knew that the bigger companies wereovertaking the smaller ones. The wealthiest owners had the power in the marketsand this allowed them to have more say as to what goes on in the free market. The government could intervene in this situation, but they do not because itwould be too risky for them to put restrictions on the companies that right nowhave the power in the business world. The free market of America is one thatclaims that everyone is free to gain power, but what happens when businessowners decide to be a monopoly? Competition is good, but there are competitorsthat are so powerful that they are willing to crush any smaller competition. Thegovernments role in this situation can be seen as unfavorable for the smallerbusinesses and favorable to the wealthier businesses. The government chose tominimally involve itself in this situation under the pretext that the citizensof this great country did not wish to have the government to get involved. Theyknew that monopolies were being created by the big businesses but that fact didnot get them to involve themselves. Their lack of involvement in situations suchas these where the wealthy are conquering the poor shows that the y are sidingwith the wealthy business owners by not fighting against them. This is not tosay that they government never involved itself in such instances, but theynevertheless do little for the smaller businesses with their policies. TheSherman Act of 1890 prohibited conspiracies in restraint of tradeand other monopolistic practices, but these acts were too outdated for oureconomy. Therefore, congress established the Federal Reserve System as areaction to the power that the financial monopolies had in America. It washeaded by a board with fair representation of financial, agricultural,industrial, and commercial interests, and the geographical divisions of thecountry. All these laws and systems have not done much to keep the economyfrom monopolizing, however. In the 20th century, the working class becamethe most important antimonopoly force. Many labor organizations and thepolitical parties based on the working class, while supporting traditionalantimonopoly demands, increasingly foc used on labors claims againstmonopoly. In the 1970s, due to the lack of antitrust and antimonopolylaws, IBM won a lawsuit that was put against them by smaller business owners. Parts of a Holy Mass EssaySecondly, it puts the citizens of the city in danger. The citizens of the cityhave the deadly E. coli pollutant in their well water. Because of the plant thatthe government begged to come to its city, the citizens are not able to drinkthe water from their water systems. The government was willing to spend morethan $111 million on a company that would basically destroy its area, but it isnot willing to spend $750,000 for the citizens to be able to drink their water. The government is too profit involved. The phrase Money makes the world goaround is very true in this case. The citizens would not be giving themany money in return for the clean water, but the company would be creating jobsand revenues for that state. The jobs that the companies would be creating forthe state are not the greatest jobs ever. In the case of Nebraska Beef Ltd., anOmaha beef-packing company, the jobs it created involved sweatshop conditions. The workers were not given more than one bathroom break, they had one break 7and a half hours before they ended work, and that is only if they worked tenhours. If they worked nine hours in one day they got no break. The state ofNebraska gave the corporation approximately $31.5million and even with that muchmoney, it was not able to fully train its workers and provided them withlow-paying jobs. The state did not even think about putting work laws on theplants; it made no demands as to what it wanted in return for providing so muchto the company. One can say that it did create a program called Nebraska QualityJobs Board, but apparently it didnt help out in this situation. What is aquality job for Nebraska? Because of their bad choice in corporation to bringinto its state, the citizens refuse to work for the corporation. Citizens fromother states are the ones that are working in the plants, which pretty muchdefeats the purpose of bringing the corporations to the state. All it did wascre ate more problems for the state such as traffic and pollution for thecitizens of the state. One question that I have to ask myself is, if thesituation is this bad here, how is it over in the other capitalist countries? InCohen and Rogers On Democracy, they say that while capitalist democracycedes workers certain rights and liberties, including suffrage, it does noteliminate the subordination of the interests of workers to the interests ofcapitalists remains a necessary though insufficient condition for thesatisfaction of the interests of workers, and the welfare of workers is thusdependent on the welfare of capitalists. In Western Europe this idea wouldnot be completely true. The unions in Western Europe, first of all, are strongerthan the ones here in the United States. Europe was industrialized before theybecame democratic. Therefore, they had to get together in order to get anythingdone within the government in their favor. The workers do have an interest inthe capitalist, but no t to the extent where they would do whatever thecapitalist tells them to. The Western European governments involved their poorworkers more than the US when it came to policies because of historical legaciesand because of the constructed institutions. One thing that failed in Americadid manage to work in Europe, and that is the labor parties. The workers had tocreate their own parties. In the United States, the politicians crushed thelabor parties, but in Europe they remain strong. One thing that is important toremember is that governments that are very favorable towards the poor do sobecause the poor are able to overcome the resource constraint. In Europe this istrue but what is also true is that there is great solidarity in Europe, whichmade the workers so strong. Along with this the Industrial Revolution thathappened in the last half of the 18th Century greatly helped the labor workers. The Industrial Revolution was the first step in modern economic growth anddevelopment. The workers in Europe are big in number and the Revolutionbrought on new work conditions to the workers. Labor Parties established betterwages and hours for the workers. The labor parties were huge in number andcouldnt be put down by the government as easily as the United States put downits unions. In the United States, we have always believed that all men arecreated equal. Americans, however, know that even though we were created equal,we are not treated equally. The rich are the V.I.P to the government. They aretaken care of well, and pampered with money and privileges that the other hardworking Americans deserve more than them. We are in the age of profits, and ifthe government does not see any monetary value in something, they will notbother with it, even if it is its own people. BibliographyPeterson, Robert A.,Gerald Albaum, and George Kozmetsky.Modern AmericanCapitalism. New York: Quorum Books, 1990. Perlo, Victor. Superprofits andCrises: Modern U.S. Capitalism. New York: International Publishers, 1988. Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward, Chapter 3 from Poor Peoples Movements:Why they Succeed, How they Fail,(Vintage, 1977), pp96-180. Lembcke, Jerry. Capitalist Development and Class Capacities: Marxist Theory and UnionOrganization. New York:Greenwood Press, 1988. Joel Roers and Joshua Cohen, OnDemocracy, (Penguin, 1983), Chapter Six, Democracy, pp146-183. Industrial Revolution Encarta Encyclopedia